近日,國家發展改革委、國家能源局印發了《關于鼓勵可再生能源發電企業自建或購買調峰能力增加并網規模的通知》(以下簡稱為《通知》),在應對氣候變化和構建人類命運共同體的大背景下,促進可再生能源發展、保障可再生能源消納是當前最為重要和緊迫的任務之一,可再生能源發電企業自建和購買調峰能力,提供了增加可再生能源并網規模的重要途徑。
一是鼓勵(li)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)企業(ye)自建(jian)(jian)或購買(mai)調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)力(li)(li)正當其時。我國(guo)(guo)力(li)(li)爭2030年(nian)(nian)前(qian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng),2060年(nian)(nian)前(qian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he),是黨中(zhong)央經過深(shen)思熟慮(lv)作出(chu)(chu)的(de)重大戰(zhan)略決策,事關(guan)中(zhong)華民(min)族永續發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)構建(jian)(jian)人類命運(yun)共同(tong)體。實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)是一場(chang)硬仗,要構建(jian)(jian)清潔低碳(tan)安全高(gao)效的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi)(xi),實(shi)(shi)(shi)施可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)替代行動,深(shen)化電(dian)力(li)(li)體制(zhi)改(gai)革,構建(jian)(jian)以新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)為主體的(de)新(xin)型電(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統。我國(guo)(guo)具有豐富的(de)風電(dian)、光伏(fu)等新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan),近年(nian)(nian)來可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)迅猛發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),但(dan)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)出(chu)(chu)力(li)(li)具有不確(que)定性,目前(qian)我國(guo)(guo)電(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統靈活性不足、調節能(neng)力(li)(li)不夠等短板和(he)問題突出(chu)(chu),制(zhi)約更高(gao)比例(li)和(he)更大規模可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。可(ke)(ke)以說(shuo),實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng)關(guan)鍵(jian)在(zai)促進(jin)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),促進(jin)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)關(guan)鍵(jian)在(zai)于消納,保障(zhang)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消納關(guan)鍵(jian)在(zai)于電(dian)網接入、調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)和(he)儲能(neng)。國(guo)(guo)家(jia)鼓勵(li)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)企業(ye)自建(jian)(jian)或購買(mai)調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)力(li)(li)增加(jia)并網規模,可(ke)(ke)以促進(jin)電(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統靈活性和(he)調節能(neng)力(li)(li)提高(gao),增加(jia)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)裝機和(he)并網規模,保障(zhang)2030年(nian)(nian)前(qian)碳(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、2060年(nian)(nian)前(qian)碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)目標如期(qi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)。
二(er)是(shi)多(duo)渠(qu)道(dao)(dao)增(zeng)加(jia)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)規(gui)模(mo),拓展可再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展空間。實現(xian)碳達峰、碳中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)是(shi)一場(chang)(chang)廣泛而深(shen)刻的(de)經濟(ji)社會系統(tong)性(xing)(xing)變革(ge),增(zeng)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)靈活性(xing)(xing)和(he)新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)規(gui)模(mo)需(xu)要政府(fu)部門、電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)業(ye)、發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)等各方(fang)的(de)共(gong)同努力(li)。此(ci)前(qian)國(guo)家能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)局在《關于(yu)2021年(nian)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)、光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)開(kai)發(fa)建(jian)設有(you)關事(shi)項(xiang)的(de)通(tong)知》中(zhong)(zhong)指出(chu),要建(jian)立(li)保障(zhang)性(xing)(xing)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、市(shi)場(chang)(chang)化(hua)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)等并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)多(duo)元保障(zhang)機制(zhi)。各省(區、市(shi))完成年(nian)度非水電(dian)(dian)(dian)最低消納(na)責任權(quan)重所(suo)必需(xu)的(de)新增(zeng)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)項(xiang)目(mu),由(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)業(ye)實行保障(zhang)性(xing)(xing)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)。對于(yu)保障(zhang)性(xing)(xing)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)范圍以(yi)外仍有(you)意愿并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)項(xiang)目(mu),可通(tong)過自建(jian)、合(he)建(jian)共(gong)享或購(gou)買(mai)服務(wu)等市(shi)場(chang)(chang)化(hua)方(fang)式(shi)落實并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)條件后,由(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)業(ye)予以(yi)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)。《通(tong)知》進一步(bu)明確(que)了引導市(shi)場(chang)(chang)主體多(duo)渠(qu)道(dao)(dao)增(zeng)加(jia)可再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)規(gui)模(mo)的(de)政策,對于(yu)調動各類市(shi)場(chang)(chang)主體的(de)積(ji)極性(xing)(xing),在保障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)安全(quan)穩(wen)定運行的(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia)增(zeng)加(jia)可再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang),有(you)積(ji)極的(de)促進作用(yong)。
三(san)是(shi)提出企(qi)業(ye)自(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)購(gou)買調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)組織方(fang)式(shi)(shi),可操作性(xing)強。企(qi)業(ye)自(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)購(gou)買調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)可以有(you)(you)三(san)種(zhong)。一(yi)是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),自(zi)主調(diao)(diao)節運行。鼓勵發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)為(wei)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)、光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)自(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)新(xin)型儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan),或(huo)對存量煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)進行靈活性(xing)改(gai)造(zao),通過自(zi)有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)節互補,實現“風光(guang)水(shui)火儲一(yi)體(ti)化”建(jian)(jian)(jian)設運行,為(wei)系統提供穩定可控(kong)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。這種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)要求調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan)與新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)距離較近才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)實現。二是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),公(gong)(gong)網(wang)調(diao)(diao)度運行。發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)自(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)交由電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業(ye)統一(yi)調(diao)(diao)度,這種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)利于(yu)統籌利用(yong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)在(zai)不同地(di)點的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan),突破了地(di)理范(fan)圍的(de)(de)局限性(xing)。三(san)是(shi)購(gou)買調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),公(gong)(gong)網(wang)調(diao)(diao)度運行。對于(yu)部(bu)分新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)企(qi)業(ye),在(zai)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設方(fang)面的(de)(de)資源(yuan)條件(jian)(jian)和技術能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)比較欠缺,例如不具備建(jian)(jian)(jian)設抽水(shui)蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),也沒有(you)(you)自(zi)有(you)(you)煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)可實施靈活性(xing)改(gai)造(zao),就可以考慮(lv)通過市場化方(fang)式(shi)(shi)購(gou)買調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan),這種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)突破了發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)自(zi)身條件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)局限性(xing)。
四是科(ke)學(xue)確定調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)范(fan)圍(wei)。《通知》明確了(le)(le)承擔可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)納對(dui)應(ying)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),包括(kuo)抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)電站、化學(xue)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)等(deng)新(xin)型儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、氣(qi)電、光熱(re)電站、靈活(huo)性(xing)制造(zao)改造(zao)的(de)(de)煤(mei)電,基(ji)本上包括(kuo)了(le)(le)化學(xue)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)和主要的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形式。其中,氣(qi)電是指(zhi)具備(bei)快速啟(qi)停調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)單循環燃氣(qi)輪機(ji),光熱(re)電站也(ye)必須具備(bei)一(yi)定的(de)(de)儲(chu)(chu)熱(re)時長,靈活(huo)性(xing)煤(mei)電應(ying)按照(zhao)比(bi)常規煤(mei)電機(ji)組提升的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力核定調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)容(rong)量。另外,《通知》強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)了(le)(le)不(bu)包括(kuo)已列為(wei)應(ying)急備(bei)用和調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。應(ying)急備(bei)用電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)般(ban)情況(kuang)下為(wei)停機(ji)備(bei)用狀(zhuang)態,日常不(bu)具備(bei)為(wei)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)、促進新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)納的(de)(de)作用。已列為(wei)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)機(ji)組,已經在電力系統中承擔負(fu)荷調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)和消(xiao)納存量新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等(deng)作用,不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)重復計列調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力。因此這兩種電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)屬(shu)于《文件》所指(zhi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)范(fan)疇(chou)。
五是明確調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)與新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源規模的(de)(de)(de)掛(gua)鉤(gou)(gou)比(bi)例。新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源消納所需的(de)(de)(de)調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)具體負(fu)荷特(te)性(xing)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源結構、新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源規模等因(yin)素密切相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan),不同(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)情況不盡相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong),但(dan)都存(cun)在一個(ge)比(bi)較合(he)(he)理的(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei)。調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)比(bi)例太(tai)低(di),不能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)滿足提(ti)升系統(tong)調節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),保(bao)障新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源消納的(de)(de)(de)需要(yao);調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)比(bi)例設(she)置太(tai)高,需要(yao)大量投資建設(she)調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源,調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)利用率也會降低(di),影(ying)響系統(tong)整體效率和經濟(ji)性(xing)。《通(tong)知》提(ti)出了(le)(le)初期掛(gua)鉤(gou)(gou)比(bi)例按照功(gong)率15%,比(bi)例20%以上(shang)優先(xian)并網是比(bi)較符合(he)(he)我國大部分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網實(shi)際(ji)情況的(de)(de)(de)。由于新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源消納不僅(jin)要(yao)求(qiu)調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)資源的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率調節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),還(huan)要(yao)具備(bei)一定持續時(shi)長,《通(tong)知》還(huan)明確了(le)(le)時(shi)長應(ying)在4小(xiao)時(shi)以上(shang),這主要(yao)是兼顧了(le)(le)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)型調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)資源的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術特(te)性(xing)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)平衡需求(qiu)。
六是允(yun)許調峰資(zi)源指標交易,有(you)利(li)于(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)市(shi)場(chang)機制(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。《通知》提出(chu)未用(yong)(yong)完(wan)的(de)調峰資(zi)源可交易至其他市(shi)場(chang)主體(ti),這對(dui)于(yu)無補貼階(jie)段的(de)可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源項(xiang)(xiang)目開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權轉(zhuan)(zhuan)讓是一種(zhong)明確的(de)制(zhi)度安排。在(zai)可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源規模化發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展初期,曾(ceng)一度出(chu)現過(guo)“圈而不(bu)見”、“倒賣(mai)指標”等(deng)亂象,影響了產業健康發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展,為(wei)此主管部門曾(ceng)出(chu)臺政策禁(jin)止“倒賣(mai)指標”,這對(dui)于(yu)凈(jing)化市(shi)場(chang)化境、恢復市(shi)場(chang)秩序發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)了重要積(ji)極(ji)(ji)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。而調峰資(zi)源轉(zhuan)(zhuan)讓不(bu)同以往(wang),是在(zai)市(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)已經在(zai)承(cheng)擔調峰責任和支付調峰成本的(de)基礎上,通過(guo)市(shi)場(chang)化方式對(dui)可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源項(xiang)(xiang)目開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權進行轉(zhuan)(zhuan)讓,相應(ying)權益使用(yong)(yong)是市(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)應(ying)享有(you)的(de)權利(li),有(you)利(li)于(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)積(ji)極(ji)(ji)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。
七是提出動(dong)(dong)態機制,因(yin)地(di)制宜(yi)靈(ling)活(huo)實施。為(wei)最大程(cheng)度激發各類市(shi)場主體(ti)的(de)積極性,《通知》充分考慮了各地(di)的(de)系統(tong)結(jie)構與市(shi)場情況,一(yi)方面支持(chi)省級能源主管(guan)部門(men)因(yin)地(di)制宜(yi)的(de)對掛鉤比(bi)例(li)進(jin)行研究和適(shi)當調整,充分發揮各個參與主體(ti)的(de)能力(li);另一(yi)方面明確配建比(bi)例(li)逐(zhu)年動(dong)(dong)態調整機制,對于(yu)可再生(sheng)能源和調峰(feng)資(zi)源相應的(de)技術進(jin)步與產業(ye)升級,以及電力(li)系統(tong)的(de)演化情況,都能夠有及時和客觀(guan)的(de)反映。
八是(shi)明確建(jian)設程序,有(you)利(li)企(qi)業(ye)把控節奏。為(wei)做好能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)領域放管服工作,市場(chang)化并(bing)網可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)及配套調(diao)(diao)峰資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)均由省級(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)主管部門牽頭(tou)負責(ze),同時要(yao)求發電項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)和調(diao)(diao)峰項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)同步建(jian)成、同步并(bing)網,避免了(le)“虛假(jia)承諾、騙取指(zhi)標”現(xian)象出(chu)現(xian)。對(dui)于企(qi)業(ye)而言,其更大意義在于給企(qi)業(ye)未來(lai)發展(zhan)預期(qi)(qi)提供了(le)政策(ce)上的(de)(de)保(bao)障,企(qi)業(ye)可(ke)結合自身優(you)勢(shi),通過合理配置(zhi)各類調(diao)(diao)峰資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),統籌(chou)安排發電時序,以實現(xian)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產業(ye)的(de)(de)平穩、健(jian)康(kang)、有(you)序發展(zhan)。但(dan)值得注(zhu)意的(de)(de)是(shi),《通知》明確“調(diao)(diao)峰儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)配建(jian)比例按(an)可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發電項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)核準(zhun)(備案)當(dang)年(nian)標準(zhun)執行”,這對(dui)于采用建(jian)設抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)等長建(jian)設周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)調(diao)(diao)峰資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)配套建(jian)設可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)方式來(lai)說,需要(yao)有(you)更強(qiang)的(de)(de)統籌(chou)把控能(neng)(neng)(neng)力。
九是綜合作用明顯,支持各(ge)類調(diao)(diao)峰資源快速發展。長期(qi)以(yi)來(lai),以(yi)抽(chou)水蓄能(neng)(neng)、儲能(neng)(neng)為(wei)代表(biao)的(de)調(diao)(diao)峰電(dian)(dian)(dian)源存在著支撐政策(ce)不完善、服務價格(ge)難(nan)界定、受益主(zhu)體(ti)不明晰(xi)、投資回報(bao)缺(que)保障等問題,導(dao)致市(shi)場主(zhu)體(ti)對投資調(diao)(diao)峰資源缺(que)少積極性,進(jin)(jin)而(er)影響了電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統靈(ling)活性的(de)持續(xu)提升(sheng)。《通(tong)知》的(de)出臺(tai)正值可(ke)再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)(dian)成本逐步下降、普遍(bian)低于各(ge)地(di)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)基準(zhun)價的(de)時機(ji),通(tong)過創(chuang)新調(diao)(diao)峰資源的(de)疏導(dao)方式,有利于通(tong)過市(shi)場化的(de)方式促進(jin)(jin)抽(chou)水蓄能(neng)(neng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學儲能(neng)(neng)和光熱發電(dian)(dian)(dian)等行業自主(zhu)發展,進(jin)(jin)而(er)通(tong)過調(diao)(diao)峰資源的(de)規模(mo)化發展帶動其高質量發展。
十是落實監管,全(quan)面(mian)構建保障措(cuo)(cuo)施。針對目前(qian)普遍存在的(de)“夸(kua)大承諾,打折兌(dui)現(xian)”亂象,《通知》明確提出(chu)“企業承諾、政府備(bei)案、過程核(he)查(cha)、假一罰二”監管機制,形成(cheng)了承諾—核(he)查(cha)—獎懲的(de)完整閉(bi)環,更加(jia)(jia)強調履約監督,更加(jia)(jia)突出(chu)效果核(he)查(cha),更加(jia)(jia)明確懲罰措(cuo)(cuo)施,尤其假一罰二處(chu)理方(fang)式的(de)提出(chu),更是支持誠信投(tou)資企業的(de)創新舉措(cuo)(cuo)。同時(shi),《通知》也(ye)提出(chu)了在工作組織(zhi)、并(bing)網接入等方(fang)面(mian)的(de)具(ju)體保障措(cuo)(cuo)施。
注:本文由電力(li)規劃(hua)設(she)計總院王霽雪、徐英新、孫哲(zhe)執筆。