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百年波瀾壯闊，百年壯麗輝煌。建黨百年來，我國能源事業滄桑巨變，取得舉世矚目的歷史性成就，能源結構大幅優化，供給能力不斷加強，節能降耗成效顯著。黨的十八大以來，在“四個革命、一個合作”能源安全新戰略指引下，我國能源領域深刻變革，低碳轉型加速推進，多元化供應格局更加成熟。站在“兩個一百年”奮斗目標的歷史交匯點，能源工業將乘勢而上，勇擔使命，為實現“雙碳”目標、構建清潔低碳安全高效的能源體系、構建以新能源為主體的新型電力系統作出新貢獻。

綠色高效的電源供應體系持續優化，成為全球清潔能源發展的領跑者

我(wo)國(guo)有(you)電始于1882年的上海。新中國(guo)成(cheng)立(li)前，我(wo)國(guo)電力工業基礎(chu)差、底(di)子薄(bo)，發(fa)展坎坷。新中國(guo)成(cheng)立(li)時(shi)，全國(guo)發(fa)電裝(zhuang)機容量(liang)185萬(wan)千瓦，全國(guo)發(fa)電量(liang)43.1億千瓦時(shi)。

新中(zhong)國(guo)成立后，從蘇(su)聯(lian)援(yuan)建25項電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)工程開始，我(wo)國(guo)煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)快(kuai)速(su)發(fa)展(zhan)，截(jie)至2020年底，煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容量(liang)達10.8億(yi)千(qian)瓦。自20世紀(ji)后期以來，隨著水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)、風電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽(yang)能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的高(gao)速(su)發(fa)展(zhan)，煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)由主體(ti)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)逐(zhu)步向調節(jie)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)轉變(bian)，2020年煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容量(liang)降為49.1%。20世紀(ji)70年代，我(wo)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)環保工作開始起步。2020年，全國(guo)6000千(qian)瓦及以上電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠供電(dian)(dian)(dian)標準煤(mei)(mei)耗305.5克/千(qian)瓦時，100%燃煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠實(shi)現脫(tuo)硫，絕大多數火電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組實(shi)現脫(tuo)硝、超低排放(fang)改造。煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率高(gao)于(yu)美國(guo)等西(xi)方發(fa)達國(guo)家。

我(wo)國(guo)非(fei)化石能(neng)源發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)蓬勃發(fa)(fa)展。水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)面，從(cong)第(di)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)“自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)設計(ji)(ji)、自(zi)(zi)制設備(bei)、自(zi)(zi)己建(jian)設”的(de)(de)大型水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站——新安(an)江(jiang)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站開始，葛洲壩、三(san)(san)峽(xia)、錦屏等(deng)大型水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站如(ru)雨(yu)后春(chun)筍(sun)般(ban)興起，截(jie)至2020年(nian)(nian)底(di)(di)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)達3.7億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，年(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)1.36萬(wan)(wan)(wan)億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，穩居世(shi)界(jie)第(di)一(yi)(yi)。新能(neng)源發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)面，1986年(nian)(nian)我(wo)國(guo)建(jian)成第(di)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)并網(wang)(wang)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)，2011年(nian)(nian)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)突破4000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，超(chao)越(yue)美國(guo)成為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)第(di)一(yi)(yi)；1983年(nian)(nian)我(wo)國(guo)建(jian)成第(di)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)光伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，2015年(nian)(nian)光伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)突破4000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，超(chao)越(yue)德國(guo)成為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)第(di)一(yi)(yi)；截(jie)至2020年(nian)(nian)底(di)(di)，我(wo)國(guo)并網(wang)(wang)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)分別達到2.8億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)和2.5億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)。核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)面，1991年(nian)(nian)，我(wo)國(guo)自(zi)(zi)主(zhu)設計(ji)(ji)建(jian)造(zao)的(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)30萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)壓水(shui)堆核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站在浙江(jiang)秦(qin)山并網(wang)(wang)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。截(jie)至2020年(nian)(nian)底(di)(di)，我(wo)國(guo)在運核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組47臺，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)4989萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，居世(shi)界(jie)第(di)三(san)(san)；在建(jian)核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組14臺，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)1550萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，居世(shi)界(jie)第(di)一(yi)(yi)。截(jie)至2020年(nian)(nian)底(di)(di)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)22億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，全(quan)(quan)口徑發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)7.6萬(wan)(wan)(wan)億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，其中，非(fei)化石能(neng)源裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)占(zhan)比44.8%，發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)占(zhan)比33.9%。我(wo)國(guo)可再生能(neng)源裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)約占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)球的(de)(de)三(san)(san)分之一(yi)(yi)，連續多年(nian)(nian)成為(wei)全(quan)(quan)球最大可再生能(neng)源生產國(guo)和消(xiao)費國(guo)。

堅強智能的電網安全穩定運行，為經濟社會發展提供了有力支撐

新中國(guo)成立前，我國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)十分薄弱，只覆蓋少數(shu)大(da)城(cheng)市，多是(shi)以(yi)(yi)城(cheng)市為供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中心的(de)(de)(de)孤立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠和相應的(de)(de)(de)低壓(ya)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。改革(ge)開放以(yi)(yi)后(hou)，我國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)快速發展(zhan)，2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)規(gui)模超過美(mei)國(guo)，躍居世界第一(yi)。2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月，隨著青藏(zang)±400千(qian)(qian)伏聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)投運(yun)，實現除(chu)中國(guo)臺灣(wan)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)國(guo)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。截(jie)至2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)國(guo)35千(qian)(qian)伏及以(yi)(yi)上輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路回路長度205萬千(qian)(qian)米，公用變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)容量69億千(qian)(qian)伏安。全(quan)國(guo)累(lei)計建成投運(yun)“14交16直”30項特(te)高壓(ya)工(gong)程。全(quan)國(guo)各級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)協調發展(zhan)，區域主網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)架(jia)不斷(duan)完善，華(hua)(hua)(hua)北(bei)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)特(te)高壓(ya)主網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)架(jia)基(ji)本形成，華(hua)(hua)(hua)中特(te)高壓(ya)主網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)架(jia)加快推進，東(dong)北(bei)、西北(bei)主網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)架(jia)不斷(duan)優化，西南(nan)川渝(yu)藏(zang)形成同步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，南(nan)方區域西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)東(dong)送主網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)架(jia)形成交直流并聯(lian)(lian)運(yun)行的(de)(de)(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)格局。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等級(ji)不(bu)斷提升。歷經百年(nian)(nian)發(fa)展，我(wo)國形(xing)成(cheng)了1000/500/220/110（66）/35/10/0.4千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)和750/330（220）/110/35/10/0.4千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)兩(liang)個交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等級(ji)序列，以及(ji)±500（±400）、±660、±800、±1100千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等級(ji)。2009年(nian)(nian)，晉(jin)東南—南陽—荊(jing)門1000千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)特高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)交流(liu)試(shi)驗(yan)示(shi)范(fan)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)投入運行；2010年(nian)(nian)，世(shi)界首個商業化運營的特高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)——云(yun)廣±800千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)雙極投產；2019年(nian)(nian)，準東—皖南±1100千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)特高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)投運。

電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統不斷提升技術水(shui)平(ping)、創新(xin)裝備系(xi)統、強化(hua)管理手段。加大智能(neng)(neng)電(dian)網(wang)的(de)研究(jiu)、建(jian)設力(li)度，開展(zhan)了(le)(le)廣州中新(xin)知識城、深圳前海新(xin)區等示范區建(jian)設，建(jian)成張北國(guo)家風光儲輸示范工程(cheng)。加強智慧(hui)電(dian)廠、數字電(dian)網(wang)建(jian)設，大力(li)推動(dong)多能(neng)(neng)協同互補。電(dian)網(wang)智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)水(shui)平(ping)居世(shi)界(jie)(jie)先進行列，保持了(le)(le)全國(guo)電(dian)力(li)安(an)全形勢總體穩定，打造了(le)(le)世(shi)界(jie)(jie)上安(an)全運(yun)行水(shui)平(ping)最高、安(an)全運(yun)行紀錄最長的(de)特大型電(dian)網(wang)。

電力科技創新發展日新月異，引領實現電力工業強國夢

新(xin)中(zhong)國成立70多年來，電力(li)行業(ye)將(jiang)創新(xin)作(zuo)為引領發展的第一動(dong)力(li)，逐漸從設備進口和(he)技(ji)術引進過渡到自(zi)主(zhu)研發、自(zi)主(zhu)設計、自(zi)主(zhu)建(jian)造(zao)、具有自(zi)主(zhu)知識產權的國際先進技(ji)術，電力(li)科技(ji)水平進入世界(jie)前列。

火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方面。改(gai)革開放后，我(wo)國(guo)大(da)力加(jia)強(qiang)技術研發(fa)(fa)，1985年，首(shou)臺國(guo)產60萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)亞臨界(jie)(jie)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)在安徽淮(huai)南(nan)成功(gong)運(yun)行，標志(zhi)著中國(guo)大(da)容量(liang)、高參(can)數火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)自主化(hua)制造的(de)開端；2006年，華能玉環電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠投產首(shou)臺國(guo)產100萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)超(chao)超(chao)臨界(jie)(jie)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)；2015年，華能安源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠、國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泰州電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠投產66萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、100萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)二(er)次再熱超(chao)超(chao)臨界(jie)(jie)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)；截至(zhi)2020年底，全國(guo)百萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)級電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠共490座。2012年，華能25萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)整(zheng)體煤氣化(hua)燃氣—蒸(zheng)汽聯合循環（IGCC）電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠投產發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，是我(wo)國(guo)最環保(bao)的(de)燃煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。2013年，我(wo)國(guo)自主研發(fa)(fa)，具有完全自主知識產權(quan)的(de)四川白馬60萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)超(chao)臨界(jie)(jie)循環流化(hua)床示范電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)投運(yun)。

水電方面。我(wo)國(guo)水力發電技術隨著水電重大(da)(da)工(gong)程應用逐漸成長，從30萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)的劉家峽(xia)，到40萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)的李(li)家峽(xia)、55萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)的二灘、70萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)的三峽(xia)，再(zai)到80萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)的向家壩、100萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)的白鶴灘，單機容量不斷刷(shua)新世(shi)界(jie)紀(ji)錄，國(guo)產化率(lv)持續提(ti)升至(zhi)100%。我(wo)國(guo)水電行(xing)業在規(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)計、大(da)(da)壩施工(gong)、設(she)(she)備(bei)制造等方面都居于世(shi)界(jie)領先水平。

風電方面。從20世(shi)紀80年代開(kai)始，我(wo)國風電企業通(tong)過不斷引進消化(hua)吸收和再創(chuang)新(xin)，到21世(shi)紀初(chu)期(qi)已具(ju)備600千(qian)瓦和750千(qian)瓦風電機(ji)(ji)組(zu)生產能力。2005年，具(ju)有自主知識產權的兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦級風電機(ji)(ji)組(zu)裝機(ji)(ji)試運行，此后風電機(ji)(ji)組(zu)從1.5兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦步入6兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦時(shi)代。海(hai)上風電方面，2020年7月，國內首臺10兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦海(hai)上風電機(ji)(ji)組(zu)在福清成功并網發電。我(wo)國風電技術水平和制造規模位居世(shi)界前(qian)列，目前(qian)整機(ji)(ji)制造產量占全球總產量4成以上。

太陽能發電方面。經過多年研究和技術進步，我國太陽能技術更新迭代迅速，成本快速下降，2010年以來加權成本下降超過80%。中國光伏制造業領先世界，多晶硅、光伏電池、光伏組件產量均超過全球總產量的三分之二。光熱領域，2005年以來，我國光熱發電產業從無到有，規模效應逐漸顯現。2018年12月28日，敦煌100兆瓦熔鹽塔式光熱電站成功并網發電，標志著我國成為世界上少數掌握百兆瓦級熔鹽塔式光熱電站技術的國家。

核(he)(he)(he)電(dian)方面。核(he)(he)(he)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)從無到有，通過(guo)自(zi)主(zhu)創新(xin)和引進、消化、吸收、再(zai)創新(xin)，我國(guo)較快(kuai)地掌握(wo)了世界先進核(he)(he)(he)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)，具備(bei)了10萬千瓦(wa)、30萬千瓦(wa)、60萬千瓦(wa)、100萬千瓦(wa)、150萬千瓦(wa)級(ji)核(he)(he)(he)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)開發能力，在ACP1000堆(dui)(dui)型和ACPR1000+堆(dui)(dui)型基礎上融合(he)研(yan)發出的(de)“華龍一號(hao)”技(ji)術(shu)，在AP1000技(ji)術(shu)基礎上自(zi)主(zhu)研(yan)發的(de)CAP1400“國(guo)和一號(hao)”技(ji)術(shu)，標志著(zhu)我國(guo)已掌握(wo)自(zi)主(zhu)三代核(he)(he)(he)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)。我國(guo)核(he)(he)(he)電(dian)裝備(bei)國(guo)產化率(lv)超過(guo)85%，反(fan)應堆(dui)(dui)壓力容器等核(he)(he)(he)心裝備(bei)都已實現國(guo)產。

電(dian)(dian)網(wang)方(fang)面(mian)。中國(guo)主(zhu)導制定的特(te)(te)(te)高壓(ya)、新能源并網(wang)等國(guo)際標準成(cheng)為(wei)全(quan)球相關(guan)工程建設的重(zhong)要(yao)規(gui)范。特(te)(te)(te)高壓(ya)1000千(qian)伏交流(liu)和±800千(qian)伏、±1100千(qian)伏直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)實現(xian)全(quan)面(mian)突破，“特(te)(te)(te)高壓(ya)交流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)關(guan)鍵技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、成(cheng)套設備及工程應用(yong)”和“特(te)(te)(te)高壓(ya)±800千(qian)伏直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)工程”先(xian)后獲(huo)得(de)國(guo)家科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)進(jin)步特(te)(te)(te)等獎(jiang)。柔性直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)取得(de)顯著(zhu)進(jin)步，源—網(wang)—荷—儲(chu)互動(dong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、微(wei)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)充換電(dian)(dian)設備關(guan)鍵技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)等智能電(dian)(dian)網(wang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)世(shi)界領先(xian)。

始終堅持“人民電業為人民”的宗旨，人民群眾的獲得感幸福感持續增強

新中(zhong)國成(cheng)立后，電(dian)力工業堅持“人(ren)民(min)電(dian)業為人(ren)民(min)”的(de)宗旨，在人(ren)民(min)群(qun)眾生(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)活用電(dian)、脫(tuo)貧攻(gong)堅、大氣污(wu)染防治等重大民(min)生(sheng)用能行動中(zhong)取得(de)重要成(cheng)就，人(ren)民(min)群(qun)眾的(de)獲得(de)感(gan)不斷提高。

實現戶(hu)戶(hu)通電(dian)，全(quan)(quan)面消(xiao)滅無電(dian)人口(kou)。1949年(nian)，我(wo)國農村(cun)通電(dian)率(lv)極低，農村(cun)年(nian)用電(dian)量僅為2000萬千瓦時。2016年(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國縣、鄉、村(cun)通電(dian)率(lv)全(quan)(quan)部(bu)達到100%。截至2015年(nian)底，青海最后(hou)9614戶(hu)、共計3.98萬無電(dian)人口(kou)通電(dian)，中國全(quan)(quan)部(bu)人口(kou)都用上了電(dian)。

為打贏脫貧(pin)攻堅戰(zhan)作(zuo)出積(ji)極貢獻。開展小城鎮（中心(xin)村(cun)）農網改造升級、機(ji)井通電和貧(pin)困村(cun)通動力電，惠(hui)及(ji)農村(cun)居民1.8億人、農田1.5億畝、村(cun)莊(zhuang)3.35萬(wan)(wan)個；累計安排中央預(yu)算(suan)內投資345億元，重點(dian)支持“三區(qu)(qu)三州”深(shen)度貧(pin)困地區(qu)(qu)農網改造升級，建(jian)成(cheng)光伏發電并網規模1363萬(wan)(wan)千瓦，惠(hui)及(ji)約224萬(wan)(wan)貧(pin)困戶。

電(dian)力(li)服務質量持(chi)續提升。改革開放(fang)后，經過持(chi)續不懈的(de)努(nu)力(li)，中國(guo)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)大幅提升，進入(ru)高(gao)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)、高(gao)質量階段。2020年中國(guo)平均供(gong)(gong)電(dian)可(ke)靠(kao)率(lv)為99.865%。電(dian)力(li)行業持(chi)續深化優(you)質服務，世界(jie)(jie)銀行發布(bu)的(de)《2020年營商環境(jing)報告(gao)》中，中國(guo)在“獲得電(dian)力(li)”方面全球排(pai)名第12位(wei)，處于(yu)世界(jie)(jie)領先水平。

人均(jun)(jun)用(yong)電量(liang)(liang)超過世(shi)界平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)。1978年(nian)，中國人均(jun)(jun)用(yong)電量(liang)(liang)261千瓦時(shi)(shi)，低于世(shi)界平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)的1523千瓦時(shi)(shi)；2010年(nian)，中國人均(jun)(jun)用(yong)電量(liang)(liang)3140千瓦時(shi)(shi)，超過世(shi)界平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)的2955千瓦時(shi)(shi)；2020年(nian)，中國人均(jun)(jun)用(yong)電量(liang)(liang)達5342千瓦時(shi)(shi)，大(da)大(da)超過世(shi)界平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)。

電力國際合作成效斐然，為構建人類命運共同體作出重大貢獻

中國(guo)電(dian)力(li)工業雖起步較早，但電(dian)力(li)國(guo)際合(he)作僅(jin)限于購買(mai)國(guo)外(wai)(wai)設備(bei)、技術。新中國(guo)成立(li)后(hou)，電(dian)力(li)國(guo)際合(he)作經(jing)歷從(cong)“引(yin)進(jin)來”到“走出去”的變化(hua)過程，從(cong)封閉發展走進(jin)了(le)全面對外(wai)(wai)開放的新時代(dai)。

以(yi)1964年(nian)啟動的(de)幾(ji)內(nei)亞金康水電(dian)(dian)站項目(mu)（首個海(hai)外電(dian)(dian)力(li)援助(zhu)項目(mu)）為(wei)開(kai)端，中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)力(li)開(kai)始(shi)了(le)海(hai)外電(dian)(dian)力(li)項目(mu)建設。近(jin)年(nian)來，電(dian)(dian)力(li)企業投資(zi)菲(fei)律(lv)賓、巴西、葡(pu)萄牙(ya)等(deng)國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)力(li)項目(mu)，建立覆蓋資(zi)金、技術、裝備等(deng)環節的(de)全(quan)產業鏈(lian)電(dian)(dian)力(li)國際合(he)作模式。截至2020年(nian)底，中(zhong)國主要電(dian)(dian)力(li)企業境外累計(ji)實(shi)際投資(zi)總額957億美元，對外工程承包(bao)新簽合(he)同額累計(ji)3120.2億美元。同時，建成中(zhong)俄、中(zhong)蒙、中(zhong)吉等(deng)跨國輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線路。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)國際化(hua)深入推進。在特高(gao)壓、新能(neng)源、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設施(shi)等(deng)相關(guan)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)方面居于世界領(ling)先水平。主(zhu)導編制國際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)上百項，近400項電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)在海外順利(li)實施(shi)。2016年(nian)，我國發起(qi)的全(quan)球能(neng)源互聯網發展(zhan)合(he)作(zuo)組(zu)織(zhi)成(cheng)立。截(jie)至2020年(nian)底，我國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企業共加(jia)入120多個國際組(zu)織(zhi)與機構，并在相關(guan)國際組(zu)織(zhi)中擔(dan)任重要職(zhi)務。

站上新的歷史起點，碳達峰、碳中和開啟電力發展新時代

“十四五(wu)”是碳(tan)(tan)達峰的關(guan)鍵期、窗口期，要構(gou)(gou)建清潔低碳(tan)(tan)、安全高(gao)效的能源(yuan)體系，實施可再生能源(yuan)替代行動，構(gou)(gou)建以(yi)新能源(yuan)為主體的新型電力系統(tong)。

電(dian)(dian)力(li)工業是(shi)構建清潔低碳、安全(quan)高效(xiao)能(neng)源體系(xi)的核心和基礎。目前(qian)，我國(guo)電(dian)(dian)力(li)碳排(pai)放占全(quan)社(she)會碳排(pai)放4成左右。隨著全(quan)社(she)會電(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)水平的提升，“十四(si)五”期間將有更多碳排(pai)放從終(zhong)端用能(neng)行業轉移到電(dian)(dian)力(li)，預計(ji)2025年、2030年、2035年我國(guo)全(quan)社(she)會用電(dian)(dian)量(liang)分別達到9.5萬億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)、11.3萬億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)、12.6萬億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)力(li)行業碳減排(pai)、維護電(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統安全(quan)穩定(ding)運(yun)行壓力(li)將持續加大。

加(jia)快構建以(yi)新能源(yuan)(yuan)為主體(ti)的(de)(de)新型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統迫在眉睫。要(yao)(yao)保(bao)持(chi)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)快速發展，積(ji)極推進(jin)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)開發。要(yao)(yao)加(jia)強調峰能力(li)建設(she)(she)，持(chi)續(xu)開展煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組靈活性(xing)改造，大(da)力(li)加(jia)強儲能體(ti)系建設(she)(she)。適應高(gao)(gao)比(bi)例新能源(yuan)(yuan)、高(gao)(gao)比(bi)例電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子設(she)(she)備需要(yao)(yao)，促進(jin)系統各環節全(quan)面數字化、智能化，打造多元(yuan)(yuan)融合(he)高(gao)(gao)彈性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網。要(yao)(yao)貫(guan)徹落實節能優先方(fang)針，大(da)力(li)實施電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能替代，積(ji)極推動多元(yuan)(yuan)互動的(de)(de)綜(zong)合(he)能源(yuan)(yuan)服務。要(yao)(yao)持(chi)續(xu)深(shen)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市場(chang)建設(she)(she)，發揮碳市場(chang)作用，促進(jin)低成本減碳，充(chong)分發揮市場(chang)在資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)配(pei)置中(zhong)的(de)(de)決(jue)定性(xing)作用。