无码日韩精品一区二区免费暖暖,久久精品国产精品亚洲,开心播播网,女人床技48动态图,国产精品无码免费专区午夜

近日，國家發(fa)展(zhan)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)委(wei)發(fa)布(bu)《關于深化燃煤(mei)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)上網電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)形成機(ji)制(zhi)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)的指導意見(jian)》（以下(xia)(xia)(xia)簡稱《指導意見(jian)》），將現行燃煤(mei)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)標桿電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)機(ji)制(zhi)改(gai)(gai)為“基準(zhun)價(jia)(jia)(jia)+上下(xia)(xia)(xia)浮(fu)(fu)動”的市(shi)場(chang)(chang)化價(jia)(jia)(jia)格機(ji)制(zhi)。在過渡期，基準(zhun)價(jia)(jia)(jia)按當地現行燃煤(mei)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)標桿上網電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)確定，浮(fu)(fu)動幅度范(fan)圍(wei)為上浮(fu)(fu)不超過10%、下(xia)(xia)(xia)浮(fu)(fu)原則上不超過15%，國家發(fa)改(gai)(gai)委(wei)根據市(shi)場(chang)(chang)發(fa)展(zhan)適時對基準(zhun)價(jia)(jia)(jia)和浮(fu)(fu)動幅度范(fan)圍(wei)進行調整。這(zhe)是電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)化改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)的又一重要(yao)舉措。

一、“燃煤發電標桿上網電價+煤電價格聯動”機制的積極作用和存在問題

現行(xing)燃(ran)煤(mei)發(fa)電標(biao)桿上網(wang)電價(jia)(jia)(jia)及煤(mei)電價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)聯(lian)動機(ji)制，在廠網(wang)分(fen)開后(hou)至開展大規模(mo)電力直接交易之前的(de)(de)十余年間(jian)，有(you)效地促(cu)進了(le)發(fa)電企業降低成本、發(fa)電價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)管制規范化(hua)，以燃(ran)煤(mei)發(fa)電標(biao)桿上網(wang)電價(jia)(jia)(jia)為(wei)基礎的(de)(de)核(he)電、水電、風電、光伏(fu)發(fa)電上網(wang)電價(jia)(jia)(jia)以及跨區(qu)送電價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)體系形(xing)成，在一定程度上疏導(dao)了(le)煤(mei)電價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)矛盾。在沒有(you)電力現貨(huo)市場(chang)機(ji)制的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)，起到了(le)保障絕(jue)大部分(fen)發(fa)電容量成本回收的(de)(de)作用。在實(shi)行(xing)有(you)序放開發(fa)用電和電力中(zhong)長(chang)期市場(chang)建設后(hou)，燃(ran)煤(mei)發(fa)電標(biao)桿上網(wang)電價(jia)(jia)(jia)還(huan)被(bei)視為(wei)市場(chang)參考價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)。

但是，作為政府定(ding)價(jia)(jia)及(ji)其價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)調整機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，“燃(ran)(ran)(ran)煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)桿(gan)上(shang)(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)+煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)聯動(dong)”機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)存(cun)在(zai)不能(neng)及(ji)時(shi)、有效反(fan)映市場(chang)供需的(de)(de)弊端。目(mu)前，大約50%的(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)上(shang)(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)都已(yi)經通(tong)過市場(chang)交(jiao)易機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)形成(cheng)，原有核定(ding)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)桿(gan)上(shang)(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)基礎參數(shu)都發(fa)(fa)生了變化(hua)(hua)。同時(shi)，隨著(zhu)放(fang)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)計劃改革(ge)的(de)(de)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)，在(zai)尚未(wei)建(jian)立電(dian)(dian)(dian)力現貨市場(chang)的(de)(de)情況下(xia)，一般工商業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力用戶（或代理(li)其購電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)售電(dian)(dian)(dian)公司，以下(xia)同）進(jin)入市場(chang)化(hua)(hua)后采用與大工業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力用戶同樣的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)形成(cheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，會引起新的(de)(de)交(jiao)叉補貼等問(wen)題。要破解這些難題，迫切需要對燃(ran)(ran)(ran)煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)桿(gan)上(shang)(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)和煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)進(jin)行(xing)市場(chang)化(hua)(hua)改革(ge)，為工商業(ye)用戶進(jin)入市場(chang)設計開(kai)辟(pi)新的(de)(de)路徑。

二、建立“基準價+上下浮動”機制有助于促進電力乃至能源市場體系建設

實行(xing)“基準價(jia)+上下浮動”機(ji)制(zhi)有(you)別于(yu)(yu)原(yuan)有(you)的“燃煤(mei)發電(dian)(dian)標桿上網(wang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)+煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)格(ge)聯動機(ji)制(zhi)”，實質在(zai)于(yu)(yu)，上下浮動幅度(du)是(shi)(shi)由市(shi)場(chang)機(ji)制(zhi)形成的，不是(shi)(shi)政府調價(jia)行(xing)為，是(shi)(shi)市(shi)場(chang)主體自愿交易的結(jie)果；不僅能(neng)有(you)效反映(ying)電(dian)(dian)力生產成本(ben)，還能(neng)有(you)效反映(ying)電(dian)(dian)力需求彈(dan)性(xing)，而且時效性(xing)強，有(you)助于(yu)(yu)促進電(dian)(dian)力上下游全產業鏈的市(shi)場(chang)機(ji)制(zhi)的協同(tong)和完善(shan)。

用市(shi)場(chang)形(xing)成(cheng)價(jia)格機(ji)(ji)制取(qu)代了以(yi)煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)動為(wei)(wei)基礎的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)調整機(ji)(ji)制，不再執行煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)格聯(lian)動機(ji)(ji)制，更有利于(yu)促進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)上(shang)下(xia)游(you)產業及(ji)其市(shi)場(chang)的(de)協同發展(zhan)，促進(jin)我國(guo)現代能源(yuan)(yuan)市(shi)場(chang)體系(xi)的(de)構建、發展(zhan)和完善。同時(shi)，考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)平穩過渡(du)以(yi)及(ji)其他電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)上(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)形(xing)成(cheng)機(ji)(ji)制的(de)穩定，基準價(jia)在(zai)過渡(du)期按當地現行燃煤發電(dian)(dian)(dian)標桿(gan)上(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)水平確定，原先各類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)參考(kao)當地燃煤標桿(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)確定上(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)的(de)，改為(wei)(wei)參考(kao)基準價(jia)。

三、現有電力市場體系下“基準價+上下浮動”機制可促進發用電計劃放開、加快電力市場建設

目(mu)前，我國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)現貨市(shi)(shi)(shi)場尚未(wei)建(jian)立，大(da)(da)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)格，普遍是(shi)通過中長(chang)期(qi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場化(hua)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)現貨市(shi)(shi)(shi)場運(yun)行(xing)前，仍然是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場化(hua)的(de)(de)過渡(du)階(jie)段(duan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)中長(chang)期(qi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)價(jia)格不能反映不同用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)（特別是(shi)大(da)(da)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)）用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特性所致(zhi)的(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本差異。在(zai)這(zhe)種(zhong)情況下(xia)(xia)(xia)，如果(guo)大(da)(da)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)中長(chang)期(qi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場中采(cai)用(yong)同樣(yang)的(de)(de)價(jia)格機制，就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)是(shi)同樣(yang)的(de)(de)價(jia)格水(shui)平(ping)，那么，一(yi)(yi)(yi)方面(mian)會(hui)(hui)(hui)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)新的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)叉補貼問題，另一(yi)(yi)(yi)方面(mian)，在(zai)全國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量供需相對(dui)寬(kuan)松、燃煤機組發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)利用(yong)小時數低于(yu)正常(chang)水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)形(xing)勢(shi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)已經進(jin)入(ru)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場的(de)(de)大(da)(da)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)格上(shang)升，或者煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)無法回收(shou)容量成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本、嚴(yan)重虧(kui)損(sun)。對(dui)于(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)行(xing)“基準價(jia)+上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)浮動(dong)”機制，可以使一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)與發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)之間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)中長(chang)期(qi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)價(jia)格在(zai)相對(dui)合(he)理范(fan)圍（即上(shang)浮不超過10%、下(xia)(xia)(xia)浮不超過15%），防止價(jia)格大(da)(da)幅(fu)度波動(dong)，落實(shi)有序放開發用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)計劃，有利于(yu)與交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)體系較完(wan)善的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場價(jia)格機制有機銜接，促進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場平(ping)穩、可持續發展。

四、“基準價+上下浮動”機制包含多種具體的合同價格形式或合同定價公式

“基準價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)+上下(xia)(xia)浮(fu)(fu)動(dong)”機制(zhi)，是(shi)一(yi)種靈活(huo)的(de)(de)、中長期合(he)同(tong)交(jiao)易(yi)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)機制(zhi)，可(ke)以(yi)演化為(wei)很(hen)多具(ju)體的(de)(de)合(he)同(tong)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)形式。對(dui)于場內(nei)中長期交(jiao)易(yi)，這個機制(zhi)相當于限(xian)定了市(shi)場交(jiao)易(yi)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)的(de)(de)上限(xian)和(he)下(xia)(xia)限(xian)。對(dui)于雙邊合(he)同(tong)交(jiao)易(yi)，浮(fu)(fu)動(dong)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)可(ke)以(yi)通過合(he)同(tong)約定為(wei)固定值，也可(ke)以(yi)是(shi)與(yu)場內(nei)中長期交(jiao)易(yi)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)掛鉤的(de)(de)浮(fu)(fu)動(dong)公式，或者是(shi)與(yu)上下(xia)(xia)游產(chan)(chan)品市(shi)場價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)（指數）掛鉤等定價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)公式。實際上，在簽訂電(dian)力中長期交(jiao)易(yi)合(he)同(tong)時，利用靈活(huo)的(de)(de)“基準價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)+上下(xia)(xia)浮(fu)(fu)動(dong)”合(he)同(tong)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)機制(zhi)，發電(dian)企業可(ke)以(yi)降低因上游煤炭市(shi)場價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)上漲造成履(lv)約合(he)同(tong)而虧(kui)損的(de)(de)風險，電(dian)力用戶可(ke)以(yi)在自身產(chan)(chan)品市(shi)場形勢不佳時提升一(yi)定的(de)(de)競爭力，等等。

五、“基準價+上下浮動”機制的執行范圍和形式應因地制宜

“基準(zhun)價(jia)+上下浮動”機制(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)要是(shi)針對上網電(dian)(dian)價(jia)由發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)企業(ye)、售電(dian)(dian)公司、電(dian)(dian)力用戶等市(shi)場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)通過場(chang)(chang)外雙邊交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)或場(chang)(chang)內集中(zhong)競價(jia)（含掛牌交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)）等市(shi)場(chang)(chang)化(hua)方式(shi)(shi)形成的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)力中(zhong)長期合同(tong)；具體(ti)執(zhi)行(xing)范圍和(he)形式(shi)(shi)，應(ying)因地(di)制(zhi)宜(yi)。以下兩種情況對應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)，仍(reng)執(zhi)行(xing)基準(zhun)價(jia)：一是(shi)暫(zan)不具備市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)條件(jian)或沒有參(can)與(yu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)工商業(ye)用戶用電(dian)(dian)對應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)；二是(shi)居民、農業(ye)用戶用電(dian)(dian)對應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)。各地(di)、各市(shi)場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)還可根據(ju)本(ben)地(di)、本(ben)企業(ye)實際選擇(ze)適宜(yi)的(de)(de)(de)合同(tong)價(jia)格(ge)形式(shi)(shi)或合同(tong)定價(jia)公式(shi)(shi)。

六、配套改革政策明確

“基(ji)準價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)+上(shang)下浮動(dong)”機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)取代“燃煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)標桿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)+煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)聯動(dong)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)”，是(shi)針對市場化燃煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)改革(ge)，但我國(guo)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)環保電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)政策(ce)、各類型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)、跨省(sheng)跨區送電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)、銷售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力輔助服務價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)和交叉補貼調(diao)整機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)等，都是(shi)在(zai)燃煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)標桿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)基(ji)礎上(shang)建立的(de)，因(yin)此，《指(zhi)導意見》明(ming)確了相應的(de)配套改革(ge)措施(shi)來保障(zhang)燃煤發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)標桿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)改革(ge)具(ju)有可實施(shi)性(xing)，具(ju)體包括：

對環保電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)，《指導(dao)意見》明確指出(chu)，執行“基(ji)準價(jia)(jia)(jia)+上(shang)下浮動”價(jia)(jia)(jia)格機制的(de)(de)(de)燃煤發電(dian)(dian)上(shang)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)，基(ji)準價(jia)(jia)(jia)包(bao)(bao)含脫硫、脫硝、除塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)。仍由電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業保障供應的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)，在執行基(ji)準價(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)，繼續執行現行超低排放(fang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)政策。燃煤發電(dian)(dian)上(shang)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)和(he)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)完全放(fang)開由市(shi)場形成的(de)(de)(de)，基(ji)準價(jia)(jia)(jia)包(bao)(bao)含脫硫、脫硝、除塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)和(he)超低排放(fang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)。

對各類型電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)發電(dian)(dian)上網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)和跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)跨(kua)區送電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)形(xing)成機制，《指導意見》明確指出，新能源(yuan)(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)項目(mu)上網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)，高出當(dang)地基準價(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)部分，按程序申請國家可再(zai)生能源(yuan)(yuan)發展基金補貼；其余(yu)部分，由省(sheng)(sheng)級電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)結算(suan)。核(he)電(dian)(dian)、燃(ran)氣(qi)發電(dian)(dian)和跨(kua)省(sheng)(sheng)跨(kua)區送電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)形(xing)成機制，參考(kao)燃(ran)煤發電(dian)(dian)標桿上網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)，改為(wei)參考(kao)基準價(jia)(jia)(jia)。

對(dui)電(dian)力輔助服務(wu)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)形成機制，《指(zhi)導意見》明(ming)確指(zhi)出，燃(ran)煤機組參與的調峰(feng)、調頻(pin)、備用、黑啟動等輔助服務(wu)，要通過市(shi)場機制形成價(jia)(jia)格(ge)，以補(bu)償燃(ran)煤機組合(he)理成本。對(dui)于燃(ran)煤機組發(fa)電(dian)利用小時(shi)數嚴重偏低的省(sheng)份，可建立(li)容量(liang)(liang)補(bu)償機制，容量(liang)(liang)電(dian)價(jia)(jia)和電(dian)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)價(jia)(jia)通過市(shi)場化方式形成。

對銷售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)形(xing)成(cheng)機制(zhi)，《指(zhi)導意見》明確指(zhi)出，今后銷售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)形(xing)成(cheng)機制(zhi)主(zhu)要有兩類：一是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)市(shi)場化方式形(xing)成(cheng)上(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)（即通(tong)過(guo)市(shi)場機制(zhi)購(gou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)）的(de)工商業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶的(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)格，由市(shi)場化方式形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)上(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)（即購(gou)買(mai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能量的(de)價(jia)格）、輸配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)（含交叉補(bu)貼和線損）、政府性基金，不再執行目錄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)。二是(shi)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網企業(ye)保(bao)障(zhang)供應的(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)格，繼續執行各地目錄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)，保(bao)持居(ju)民、農(nong)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)格基本(ben)穩定。

對交叉補貼調整(zheng)機(ji)制，《指導(dao)意見》明(ming)確指出，為(wei)了保障居民、農業用電(dian)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)的基(ji)本穩定，在實行(xing)“基(ji)準價(jia)(jia)+上下浮(fu)動”價(jia)(jia)格(ge)機(ji)制后，引起的電(dian)網(wang)企業新(xin)增(zeng)損益，計(ji)入交叉補貼費用，在核定電(dian)網(wang)輸配電(dian)價(jia)(jia)時統籌考慮。