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習近(jin)平(ping)主席于(yu)去(qu)年(nian)(nian)9月(yue)22日的(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)合國(guo)大(da)會上(shang)宣布，中(zhong)國(guo)將(jiang)力爭2030年(nian)(nian)前(qian)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達峰、努(nu)力爭取2060年(nian)(nian)前(qian)實現碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)。30年(nian)(nian)內實現碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達峰到(dao)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)（“雙碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)”），不僅是中(zhong)國(guo)應(ying)對全(quan)球氣候變化的(de)(de)(de)鄭重承諾，也(ye)是中(zhong)國(guo)面(mian)向“零(ling)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)經濟(ji)(ji)”時(shi)代，加速經濟(ji)(ji)結構調整、持續提(ti)升經濟(ji)(ji)競爭力的(de)(de)(de)戰略(lve)部署。響應(ying)國(guo)家綠(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)號召，伴(ban)隨著(zhu)新(xin)能源風電太(tai)陽能的(de)(de)(de)裝機高(gao)速增長，化石能源經過近(jin)些年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)氣污染防治(zhi)、藍天(tian)保(bao)衛戰的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)動治(zhi)理(li)，逐(zhu)步有了非(fei)常大(da)的(de)(de)(de)實效(xiao)。低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)綠(lv)色發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)路(lu)(lu)還很長，遏制“兩(liang)高(gao)”（高(gao)污染、高(gao)能耗）項目上(shang)馬，能耗總量和(he)強度“雙控(kong)”的(de)(de)(de)任務還是十(shi)分艱巨，新(xin)能源需(xu)要更(geng)快更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)也(ye)遇到(dao)了并網（實際上(shang)是）消(xiao)納的(de)(de)(de)未(wei)有之大(da)困難，如何實現低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)未(wei)來綠(lv)色發展(zhan)之路(lu)(lu)，是擺在我們面(mian)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)重大(da)課(ke)題。

從現在開始，我(wo)們(men)(men)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)考(kao)慮新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)增長和(he)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)減少，如(ru)何協同開展能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)增減掛鉤，是(shi)擺在我(wo)們(men)(men)面前能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互聯協同的(de)一條(tiao)路徑。按照總書(shu)記能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)“四(si)個革命一個替(ti)代”的(de)戰略方針，需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)政(zheng)策體系(xi)制(zhi)定者(zhe)(zhe)、執行者(zhe)(zhe)、參(can)與(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)、使(shi)用者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)思想革命，跨(kua)(kua)越(yue)現有體制(zhi)困境的(de)藩籬，突破跨(kua)(kua)越(yue)融合創新(xin)思維，抓住(zhu)制(zhi)約(yue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)轉型跨(kua)(kua)域式高(gao)質量發展的(de)痛點堵點。隨著各(ge)省市(shi)“碳達峰”的(de)目標設定，2030年前的(de)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)（風電(dian)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)）裝(zhuang)機超過燃(ran)煤化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)裝(zhuang)機總量，如(ru)何保障電(dian)力安全綠(lv)色高(gao)效的(de)協同應用，是(shi)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)共同解決的(de)相關難題。

圖1新能源科技創新助力能耗增減掛鉤（網絡(luo)照片）

針對電(dian)源側、電(dian)網(wang)側的儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)解決方(fang)案已經深入人心，我們重點(dian)討論如何利(li)用(yong)需求（用(yong)戶）側的新增(zeng)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)來平抑新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源高速(su)增(zeng)長，實現新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源增(zeng)長與(yu)化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源（供熱）減少的能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗增(zeng)減掛(gua)鉤。如何利(li)用(yong)光熱熔鹽新型儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)技術(shu)，來實現燃煤、燃氣鍋爐(lu)工業(ye)蒸汽（供熱）能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗的快速(su)減少。

首先光熱(re)(re)(re)熔鹽儲能技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)來源于成(cheng)熟(shu)的(de)光熱(re)(re)(re)發電應(ying)用(yong)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)，我們通過技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)創新、產業融合、產業鏈整合，開(kai)展設計適用(yong)于工業（蒸(zheng)汽）供熱(re)(re)(re)、清潔(jie)供暖領(ling)域(yu)(yu)新技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)應(ying)用(yong)，滿足工業園區、鄉村振興綠色科技(ji)(ji)農業生(sheng)產制造(zao)低碳發展需要。下面圖(tu)2和圖(tu)3為目前太陽能光熱(re)(re)(re)集(ji)熱(re)(re)(re)最成(cheng)熟(shu)的(de)兩(liang)種(zhong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)類型。

圖2槽(cao)式聚光集熱系(xi)統（網(wang)絡照片）

槽(cao)(cao)式太陽能(neng)聚光集熱系統全(quan)稱為槽(cao)(cao)式拋物(wu)面(mian)反射鏡聚光太陽能(neng)熱發(fa)電(dian)系統，是將(jiang)多個拋物(wu)面(mian)槽(cao)(cao)式聚光集熱器(qi)經過串并(bing)聯的排列(lie)，加熱工質，產生高(gao)溫蒸汽，驅動汽輪機(ji)發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)組發(fa)電(dian)。

圖3塔式聚光(guang)集熱系(xi)統（網絡(luo)照片）

塔式(shi)太(tai)陽(yang)能熱(re)發(fa)電技術是(shi)利用(yong)中央集熱(re)塔作(zuo)為(wei)吸熱(re)體(ti)的承載基礎，在塔四周(zhou)設置一(yi)定數量的定日(ri)鏡，將太(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)反射至中央集熱(re)塔上的吸熱(re)器(qi)加(jia)熱(re)內部的熱(re)流(liu)體(ti)，熱(re)流(liu)體(ti)經過蒸(zheng)汽發(fa)生器(qi)產生蒸(zheng)汽后驅(qu)動汽輪機進行發(fa)電。

儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)是(shi)支撐新型(xing)電力系(xi)(xi)(xi)統的(de)重(zhong)要技(ji)術和(he)基(ji)礎裝備，對(dui)推動能(neng)源綠色轉(zhuan)型(xing)、應(ying)對(dui)極端事件、保障(zhang)能(neng)源安(an)全、促進能(neng)源高質量發展、實現(xian)碳達(da)峰碳中(zhong)和(he)具有(you)重(zhong)要意義(yi)。熔鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)技(ji)術蒸汽系(xi)(xi)(xi)統主要由熔鹽(yan)材(cai)料(liao)、熔鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)罐、熔鹽(yan)泵、電加熱(re)(re)器、換熱(re)(re)器、除氧器、控制系(xi)(xi)(xi)統和(he)各種水泵以及管道閥(fa)門等組成(cheng)。圖4熔鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統采用冷熱(re)(re)熔鹽(yan)雙(shuang)罐設計(ji)，根(gen)據不同(tong)的(de)運行(xing)模式，通過改變熔融鹽(yan)的(de)流向，來(lai)決定(ding)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統是(shi)儲(chu)(chu)熱(re)(re)還是(shi)放(fang)熱(re)(re)。

圖4熔鹽儲能系(xi)統(tong)參考圖（網絡(luo)照片）

光(guang)(guang)(guang)熱(re)熔鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術利用白天太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)熱(re)直接產生蒸汽(qi)利用，光(guang)(guang)(guang)熱(re)轉(zhuan)換效(xiao)率(lv)超(chao)過65%，是太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)高(gao)效(xiao)熱(re)利用最佳應用方(fang)式。熔鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)系統(tong)充分利用低(di)谷(gu)電(dian)、棄(qi)(qi)風棄(qi)(qi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)、余熱(re)等收集儲(chu)(chu)存能(neng)(neng)(neng)量，耦合熱(re)泵等提高(gao)效(xiao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)應用技(ji)術滿足夜間溫(wen)度運(yun)行(xing)需要(yao)。熔鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術可(ke)滿足大規模、高(gao)安全、低(di)成本、長壽命、易回收的諸多優勢，有(you)效(xiao)解(jie)決未來新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源電(dian)力為主體的新(xin)型電(dian)力系統(tong)可(ke)控負荷調峰穩定運(yun)行(xing)。

為實現能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)產(chan)領(ling)域低(di)碳(tan)發(fa)展,必(bi)須加快(kuai)以清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，提(ti)高(gao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在一次能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)總用(yong)(yong)量的(de)比(bi)例。落實新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)增(zeng)長(chang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗雙控降(jiang)低(di)增(zeng)減掛(gua)鉤，推進新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)力(li)(li)和化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)熱力(li)(li)綠色電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)。雖然清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)為實現“碳(tan)達(da)峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和”目標提(ti)供了高(gao)效可(ke)行的(de)系統解(jie)決(jue)方案，但是清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)發(fa)展也面(mian)臨(lin)來自清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)負荷不穩定、我國大部分地區清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)成本(ben)仍(reng)高(gao)于傳統火電(dian)及新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)補貼缺口不斷擴大等方面(mian)的(de)阻力(li)(li)。清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)具有(you)波動性(xing)(xing)、間歇性(xing)(xing)和不可(ke)預(yu)測性(xing)(xing),清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)比(bi)例接入(ru)電(dian)網(wang)后，增(zeng)加了電(dian)網(wang)調(diao)(diao)峰、調(diao)(diao)頻的(de)壓力(li)(li)，因此，需(xu)要(yao)大力(li)(li)發(fa)展儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術為能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)產(chan)轉型(xing)的(de)深入(ru)推進提(ti)供技(ji)術保障(zhang)。儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，主(zhu)要(yao)是指電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)儲存，即(ji)將電(dian)力(li)(li)轉化成其他形式的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量儲存起來，并(bing)在需(xu)要(yao)時釋放。參考圖5我們針對電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)重點(dian)從用(yong)(yong)戶側(ce)角度看，熔鹽(yan)儲熱是目前降(jiang)低(di)工業、農(nong)業生(sheng)產(chan)領(ling)域“兩高(gao)”項目能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗總量和強度雙控的(de)最直(zhi)接替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)解(jie)決(jue)方案。

圖5綠色電(dian)能(neng)替代模式(shi)

綠色電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)代雖然是(shi)非常(chang)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法，也面臨諸多問(wen)題(ti)，在我看(kan)來這些(xie)(xie)僅(jin)(jin)僅(jin)(jin)只(zhi)是(shi)某些(xie)(xie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)體(ti)系當中慣性(xing)(xing)陳(chen)舊思想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)，在一個環節里(li)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難(nan)題(ti)，其(qi)實如(ru)果拿到(dao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)體(ti)系里(li)面來解(jie)(jie)(jie)決可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)變為相對簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事情，只(zhi)是(shi)針(zhen)對某些(xie)(xie)環節會覺得動了自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奶酪(lao)。突破思想維度，穿越環節走(zou)向能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)體(ti)系，是(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)體(ti)制目(mu)前最(zui)(zui)亟需(xu)(xu)(xu)推動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思想革(ge)命(ming)。看(kan)最(zui)(zui)近(jin)國家發(fa)(fa)改委能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)局關(guan)于(yu)加快推進新型儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)展意(yi)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通知(zhi)，積極支持(chi)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)側儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)多元化發(fa)(fa)展，以需(xu)(xu)(xu)求為導向，探索(suo)開展儲(chu)(chu)氫、儲(chu)(chu)熱及其(qi)他創新儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究和(he)(he)示范應用(yong)(yong)。完善峰(feng)谷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)政(zheng)策，為用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)側儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)展創造更大空(kong)間(jian)。可(ke)以看(kan)出，新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)增長(chang)，最(zui)(zui)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)(jie)(jie)決方(fang)案，是(shi)加快建設能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)平(ping)抑適應間(jian)歇性(xing)(xing)、波動性(xing)(xing)、隨機性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求側儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)（或儲(chu)(chu)熱），荷隨源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)動，加速(su)(su)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)側儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)及可(ke)控負荷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增減(jian)掛鉤(gou)，加速(su)(su)推進工業(ye)、農業(ye)清潔生(sheng)產綠色電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)代。我們以目(mu)前山西省現(xian)存7.6萬蒸噸(dun)燃(ran)煤、燃(ran)氣鍋(guo)爐來看(kan)，“十四(si)五”期間(jian)僅(jin)(jin)僅(jin)(jin)拿出8%比例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綠色電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)代，即可(ke)平(ping)抑“十四(si)五”新增430萬風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)10%儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，對于(yu)“兩高(gao)(gao)“項目(mu)雙(shuang)控的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下降是(shi)最(zui)(zui)直接最(zui)(zui)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)(jie)(jie)決方(fang)案。在燃(ran)煤、燃(ran)氣鍋(guo)爐企業(ye)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)（用(yong)(yong)熱）側，布局第三(san)方(fang)獨立儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)綜(zong)合能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)站，推進綠色電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)代能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗增減(jian)掛鉤(gou)，作為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網可(ke)控負荷解(jie)(jie)(jie)決電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網調峰(feng)，消納高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)增長(chang)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)裝(zhuang)機后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)棄風(feng)、棄光。只(zhi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)考(kao)慮(lv)減(jian)免變壓(ya)器容量(liang)費和(he)(he)減(jian)半輸配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)，就可(ke)以開啟(qi)市場化應用(yong)(yong)模式。

另外(wai)咱們(men)(men)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)看(kan)看(kan)山東省最(zui)近開(kai)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)89臺35蒸噸/小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)燃(ran)(ran)煤鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)，政(zheng)府指(zhi)(zhi)導綜(zong)合(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)燃(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)，一邊是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全國(guo)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)近年裝機最(zui)快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)省份(fen)(fen)，更(geng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)裝機最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)省份(fen)(fen)，或(huo)許(xu)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燃(ran)(ran)煤鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)有(you)(you)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)（是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)）較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)省份(fen)(fen)；目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足成本(ben)較(jiao)高也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)影響企(qi)業(ye)抉(jue)擇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疑問，為(wei)啥不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)采(cai)取(qu)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)和化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)減(jian)少增(zeng)(zeng)減(jian)掛(gua)鉤(gou)呢？山東省是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)早(zao)提出(chu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)新(xin)(xin)舊(jiu)動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉換示范先行(xing)區(qu)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)早(zao)提出(chu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)省份(fen)(fen)之一。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)熱(re)熔鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技術(shu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)需要(yao)(yao)擔心(xin)化(hua)學儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全風(feng)險，僅僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)考慮對(dui)于(yu)熔鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)綜(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)站(zhan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，免收變壓器(qi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)費，減(jian)半電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)輸(shu)(shu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)即(ji)可(ke)（參(can)(can)考抽水蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抽水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)政(zheng)策）。當(dang)然了(le)這(zhe)里面是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)求這(zhe)類(lei)熔鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，作為(wei)可(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)負荷(he)只(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)消(xiao)(xiao)納新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)和低(di)谷(gu)時(shi)(shi)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)解決(jue)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)納難題，還可(ke)以(yi)消(xiao)(xiao)納低(di)谷(gu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)又會作為(wei)一批獨立(li)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和可(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)負荷(he)響應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隨時(shi)(shi)調配(pei)(pei)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)體(ti)系綜(zong)合(he)(he)多贏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解決(jue)方案。另外(wai)根據(ju)山東省《關(guan)(guan)于(yu)促進(jin)(jin)全省可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見》也(ye)給(gei)出(chu)了(le)新(xin)(xin)業(ye)態(tai)、新(xin)(xin)模(mo)式(shi)、新(xin)(xin)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)，針對(dui)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)配(pei)(pei)套儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10%最(zui)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)比(bi)例，創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)就近消(xiao)(xiao)納機制(zhi)，完善分(fen)(fen)布(bu)式(shi)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)試(shi)(shi)點(dian)市(shi)(shi)場化(hua)交(jiao)易(yi)，按(an)(an)照(zhao)穩(wen)妥(tuo)有(you)(you)序、試(shi)(shi)點(dian)先行(xing)、發(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)協同(tong)、曲(qu)線(xian)耦合(he)(he)原(yuan)則，選擇多能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)互(hu)補(bu)、調節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)場站(zhan)開(kai)展(zhan)“隔墻售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”交(jiao)易(yi)試(shi)(shi)點(dian)，在(zai)工業(ye)負荷(he)大(da)(da)(da)、新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)條件好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)，就近消(xiao)(xiao)納結合(he)(he)增(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)（熱(re)）網(wang)(wang)(wang)，開(kai)展(zhan)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)網(wang)(wang)(wang)荷(he)儲(chu)(chu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一體(ti)化(hua)示范項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)比(bi)如，國(guo)家(jia)發(fa)(fa)改委剛(gang)(gang)剛(gang)(gang)出(chu)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《關(guan)(guan)于(yu)鼓勵可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)自建(jian)(jian)或(huo)購買調峰能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)并網(wang)(wang)(wang)規(gui)模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通知》，鼓勵發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)市(shi)(shi)場化(hua)參(can)(can)與調峰資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)(jian)設，超過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)業(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障性并網(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)模(mo)初期按(an)(an)照(zhao)功率15%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)掛(gua)鉤(gou)比(bi)例（時(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)4小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)上）配(pei)(pei)建(jian)(jian)調峰能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，按(an)(an)照(zhao)20%以(yi)上掛(gua)鉤(gou)比(bi)例進(jin)(jin)行(xing)配(pei)(pei)建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)先并網(wang)(wang)(wang)，以(yi)現(xian)有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)策方式(shi)，如果大(da)(da)(da)家(jia)都(dou)按(an)(an)照(zhao)要(yao)(yao)求建(jian)(jian)設相(xiang)應小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，針對(dui)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)高發(fa)(fa)時(shi)(shi)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)消(xiao)(xiao)納，僅僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)延后2-4個小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)而已，只(zhi)有(you)(you)耦合(he)(he)配(pei)(pei)套更(geng)大(da)(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶側(ce)(ce)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，才(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)消(xiao)(xiao)減(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)調峰的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困(kun)境。我(wo)們(men)(men)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)看(kan)看(kan)2020年某X西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)預期調控(kong)(kong)(kong)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)，全年安(an)排直(zhi)調太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)140.8億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)。其中：“保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)報價(jia)(jia)(jia)”發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)114.7億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)（常(chang)規(gui)集(ji)中式(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)機組(zu)“保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)”利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)1200小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，平(ping)價(jia)(jia)(jia)、競價(jia)(jia)(jia)集(ji)中式(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)“保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)”利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)300小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，國(guo)家(jia)明確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領跑者(zhe)(zhe)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)“保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)”利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)1500小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，直(zhi)調光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)扶(fu)貧(pin)、分(fen)(fen)布(bu)式(shi)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)按(an)(an)全額保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障性收購原(yuan)則安(an)排）；“保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)競價(jia)(jia)(jia)”電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)26.1億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)。引用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)了(le)貶(bian)低(di)指(zhi)(zhi)責某X西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思，也(ye)希望(wang)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部門不(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)題大(da)(da)(da)做，只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)想(xiang)了(le)解新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高速(su)(su)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)承受能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)受限后大(da)(da)(da)家(jia)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)否(fou)有(you)(you)更(geng)低(di)成本(ben)更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解決(jue)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)策略。三北(bei)地(di)區(qu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)比(bi)較(jiao)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)，隨著政(zheng)策的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推動現(xian)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)棄(qi)風(feng)棄(qi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)率都(dou)非常(chang)低(di)了(le)，我(wo)們(men)(men)需要(yao)(yao)深深的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)探(tan)索，我(wo)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)棄(qi)風(feng)棄(qi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)率是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按(an)(an)照(zhao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)計算，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按(an)(an)照(zhao)實(shi)際出(chu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)來(lai)(lai)(lai)計算？參(can)(can)考某西北(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)某茂旗地(di)區(qu)，2020年風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測算，按(an)(an)照(zhao)年等(deng)效(xiao)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)2385小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，限電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)約(yue)計10億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，如果按(an)(an)照(zhao)全年等(deng)效(xiao)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)3000小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，限電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)約(yue)計20億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率80%左(zuo)右(you)。我(wo)們(men)(men)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)希望(wang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠推進(jin)(jin)綠色(se)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)希望(wang)政(zheng)策制(zhi)定者(zhe)(zhe)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)輸(shu)(shu)配(pei)(pei)企(qi)業(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠給(gei)予電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立(li)儲(chu)(chu)（熱(re)）能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)可(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)負荷(he)提供(gong)調峰補(bu)貼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)，參(can)(can)考抽水蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)抽水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)免收（變壓器(qi)）容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)費，減(jian)少電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)輸(shu)(shu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)；或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)允許(xu)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)企(qi)業(ye)自建(jian)(jian)消(xiao)(xiao)納棄(qi)風(feng)棄(qi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)型應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)；目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)先充(chong)(chong)分(fen)(fen)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)本(ben)區(qu)域內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)叫棄(qi)掉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)部分(fen)(fen)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，優(you)先把區(qu)域內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)煤、燃(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)綠色(se)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)。只(zhi)有(you)(you)在(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶側(ce)(ce)加(jia)速(su)(su)增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)(da)(da)獨立(li)儲(chu)(chu)（熱(re)）能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)綜(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)站(zhan)，才(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)負荷(he)促進(jin)(jin)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)納。也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)企(qi)業(ye)開(kai)展(zhan)綜(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)市(shi)(shi)場最(zui)佳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史機遇，自建(jian)(jian)儲(chu)(chu)熱(re)綜(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)站(zhan)，從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)提供(gong)商(shang)(shang)到冷、熱(re)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)綜(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)提供(gong)商(shang)(shang)，充(chong)(chong)分(fen)(fen)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶側(ce)(ce)光(guang)(guang)(guang)熱(re)熔鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)儲(chu)(chu)熱(re)技術(shu)，加(jia)速(su)(su)開(kai)展(zhan)需求側(ce)(ce)綠色(se)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)效(xiao)解決(jue)雙控(kong)(kong)(kong)、雙碳目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)效(xiao)路徑。

如何(he)落實能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗總量(liang)和(he)強度雙控(kong)(kong)，通(tong)過(guo)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源代(dai)(dai)替(ti)舊(jiu)化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源，新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)態(tai)代(dai)(dai)替(ti)舊(jiu)業(ye)(ye)態(tai)，新(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)代(dai)(dai)替(ti)舊(jiu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，新(xin)(xin)材料新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源代(dai)(dai)替(ti)舊(jiu)材料舊(jiu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源，實現產業(ye)(ye)升級，實現數量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)長型(xing)(xing)向質量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)長型(xing)(xing)、外延增(zeng)(zeng)長型(xing)(xing)向內涵增(zeng)(zeng)長型(xing)(xing)、勞動密集型(xing)(xing)向知識密集型(xing)(xing)經濟(ji)增(zeng)(zeng)長方式轉(zhuan)變，推動各省市新(xin)(xin)舊(jiu)動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)換是實現“雙控(kong)(kong)、雙碳(tan)”有(you)效發(fa)(fa)展模式。充分利用(yong)(yong)綠(lv)色(se)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)代(dai)(dai)的(de)同(tong)時，開展光(guang)熱(re)熔鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)綠(lv)色(se)熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)代(dai)(dai)，助力(li)各地市雙控(kong)(kong)低碳(tan)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)(fa)展。新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源電(dian)力(li)高速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)長下用(yong)(yong)戶側儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)（儲(chu)(chu)電(dian)和(he)儲(chu)(chu)熱(re)）技(ji)(ji)術(shu)與工(gong)業(ye)(ye)融合(he)新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)態(tai)發(fa)(fa)展。參考圖5光(guang)伏(fu)光(guang)熱(re)熔鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)熱(re)利用(yong)(yong)效率對比(bi)，通(tong)過(guo)推進光(guang)熱(re)熔鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)熱(re)直接利用(yong)(yong)比(bi)例，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)有(you)效解決大(da)規模新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源裝機后電(dian)網安(an)全運行和(he)調(diao)峰穩定能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，更能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)解決電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替(ti)代(dai)(dai)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)低碳(tan)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)目標，作為耗能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)最(zui)大(da)的(de)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)和(he)電(dian)力(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源的(de)產業(ye)(ye)創新(xin)(xin)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)融合(he)發(fa)(fa)展，為早日實現綠(lv)色(se)轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)提供技(ji)(ji)術(shu)支撐保障。

圖6太陽(yang)能光伏光熱耦合熔鹽(yan)儲能工業熱利(li)用效率(lv)

電(dian)力和工業(ye)是目前碳排放比例(li)最大的(de)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)，新(xin)能源(yuan)電(dian)力如何(he)發揮(hui)儲(chu)(chu)能技(ji)術優(you)勢助(zhu)力工業(ye)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)低碳發展路(lu)徑，探討新(xin)型儲(chu)(chu)能技(ji)術儲(chu)(chu)電(dian)、儲(chu)(chu)熱(re)(re)在工業(ye)用(yong)(yong)戶側直(zhi)接儲(chu)(chu)存利用(yong)(yong)的(de)最佳模式；基于(yu)工業(ye)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)的(de)熱(re)(re)利用(yong)(yong)占(zhan)到(dao)能源(yuan)消耗的(de)50%以上，如何(he)利用(yong)(yong)新(xin)能源(yuan)技(ji)術的(de)熔鹽儲(chu)(chu)能技(ji)術解(jie)決工業(ye)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)熱(re)(re)能的(de)新(xin)能源(yuan)電(dian)力替代，助(zhu)力工業(ye)用(yong)(yong)戶低碳發展。

近(jin)期(qi)啟動的整(zheng)(zheng)縣(xian)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)分布(bu)式光(guang)伏（太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)應(ying)該包含光(guang)熱(re)）試點(dian)工(gong)(gong)作，需要在新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)高速(su)發(fa)展的機(ji)(ji)遇期(qi)，如何探討與化石能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)減(jian)(jian)掛(gua)鉤，電能(neng)(neng)替(ti)代、助力實現(xian)鄉村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)的新(xin)(xin)舊動能(neng)(neng)轉換(huan)。面(mian)對縣(xian)域的工(gong)(gong)業園區需要抓住新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的整(zheng)(zheng)縣(xian)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長機(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)實現(xian)燃煤燃氣(qi)鍋爐的綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)電能(neng)(neng)替(ti)代；農業生產、糧食干燥等的化石能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)鍋爐也需要抓住最后整(zheng)(zheng)縣(xian)開(kai)展新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)展的機(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)，錯過(guo)機(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)就很(hen)難再有大規模(mo)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的政(zheng)策機(ji)(ji)遇了；居民清潔(jie)供暖的新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長和(he)化石能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)減(jian)(jian)少增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)減(jian)(jian)掛(gua)鉤的機(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)，也需要在整(zheng)(zheng)縣(xian)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)分布(bu)式光(guang)伏（光(guang)熱(re)）的機(ji)(ji)遇期(qi)，利用政(zheng)策開(kai)展綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)電能(neng)(neng)替(ti)代實現(xian)清潔(jie)供暖。作為政(zheng)府部門更應(ying)該利用此(ci)次(ci)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)整(zheng)(zheng)縣(xian)開(kai)展的機(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)，充分考慮“雙控、雙碳”的有機(ji)(ji)融合，實現(xian)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)本地化消納利用，建設美麗鄉村(cun)的新(xin)(xin)舊動能(neng)(neng)轉換(huan)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)減(jian)(jian)掛(gua)鉤機(ji)(ji)制，綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳發(fa)展的鄉村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)目(mu)標。

注：本文由山西常晟新能源科技王工（13810518839）供稿，歡迎行業朋友聯系交流。