1月4日,工業和信息化部、住房和城鄉建設部、交通運輸部、農業農村部、國家能源局聯合發布《智能光伏產業創新發展行動計劃(2021-2025年)》,《行動計劃》提出,突破智能光儲關鍵技術,平抑光伏發電波動,提升對新型電力系統的支撐能力。建設一批電源側光伏儲能項目,保障光伏發電高效消納利用。在有條件的城鎮和農村地區,統籌推進居民屋面智能光伏系統,鼓勵新建政府投資公益性建筑推廣太陽能屋頂系統。
《行動(dong)計(ji)劃》提出,到2025年,光伏行業智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)化水平顯著(zhu)提升,產(chan)(chan)業技(ji)術創(chuang)新(xin)取得突破(po)。新(xin)型高效太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電池量產(chan)(chan)化轉換(huan)效率顯著(zhu)提升,形成(cheng)(cheng)完善的硅料、硅片、裝備、材(cai)料、器件等(deng)配套(tao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光伏產(chan)(chan)業生(sheng)態體系建(jian)設(she)基本(ben)完成(cheng)(cheng),與新(xin)一(yi)代信息技(ji)術融合水平逐(zhu)步深(shen)化。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)制造、綠(lv)色制造取得明顯進(jin)展,智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光伏產(chan)(chan)品供應能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)。支撐新(xin)型電力(li)(li)系統能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)顯著(zhu)增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang),智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光伏特色應用領域(yu)大幅(fu)拓(tuo)展。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光伏發電系統建(jian)設(she)卓有成(cheng)(cheng)效,適應電網性能(neng)(neng)(neng)不斷增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)。在綠(lv)色工業、綠(lv)色建(jian)筑、綠(lv)色交通、綠(lv)色農業、鄉村振興及其它新(xin)型領域(yu)應用規模逐(zhu)步擴大,形成(cheng)(cheng)穩定的商(shang)業運(yun)營模式,有效滿足多場(chang)景大規模應用需求。
《行動(dong)計劃(hua)》明確了六(liu)項主(zhu)要任務,分(fen)別是提升(sheng)行業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)水平、支撐新(xin)型電力(li)系統、助(zhu)力(li)各領(ling)域碳達峰碳中和、優化(hua)產業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)環境、建設公共服務平臺、強化(hua)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)人才(cai)培育(yu)。在提升(sheng)行業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)水平方面,《行動(dong)計劃(hua)》提出,加(jia)快(kuai)產業(ye)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)創新(xin)。推進智能(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)產業(ye)鏈(lian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)創新(xin),加(jia)快(kuai)大尺寸(cun)硅片、高效(xiao)太陽(yang)能(neng)電池及(ji)組件等(deng)研制和突破。夯實(shi)配套產業(ye)基礎(chu),推動(dong)智能(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)關鍵原(yuan)輔(fu)料、設備、零(ling)部件等(deng)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)升(sheng)級(ji)。開展(zhan)(zhan)智能(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)與建筑節(jie)能(neng)、交(jiao)通運輸、綠色農業(ye)等(deng)領(ling)域相結合(he)的交(jiao)叉技(ji)術(shu)(shu)研究。
在支(zhi)(zhi)撐(cheng)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)方(fang)面,《行(xing)動(dong)計劃(hua)》提出,發(fa)展(zhan)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。面向(xiang)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)建(jian)設,結合多(duo)場景(jing)終端用(yong)電(dian)(dian)需求,開(kai)發(fa)一批智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化、特色化、類型(xing)(xing)(xing)化光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。構建(jian)適用(yong)于(yu)農村自有建(jian)筑物屋頂、城鎮及建(jian)筑節能(neng)(neng)、生態化交通網絡等的(de)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)多(duo)樣化產(chan)(chan)品(pin)體系(xi)。發(fa)展(zhan)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)儲(chu)系(xi)統(tong)。突破智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)儲(chu)關鍵(jian)技術,平抑(yi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)波(bo)動(dong),跟蹤發(fa)電(dian)(dian)計劃(hua)出力(li)、電(dian)(dian)量時移,提升(sheng)對新(xin)型(xing)(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)撐(cheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。推動(dong)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)站與(yu)抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)、電(dian)(dian)化學儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)、飛(fei)輪儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)等融合發(fa)展(zhan),建(jian)設一批電(dian)(dian)源側光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)項目,保障光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)高效消納(na)利用(yong)。
在(zai)助(zhu)力各領域(yu)碳達峰碳中和(he)方面,《行動計劃》提出,將發展智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)工業(ye)、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)交通(tong)、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)建(jian)筑(zhu)、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)農(nong)業(ye)、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)鄉村、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電站、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)通(tong)信、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)創(chuang)新(xin)應用。在(zai)有(you)條件的(de)城鎮(zhen)和(he)農(nong)村地區,統(tong)籌推(tui)進居民屋面智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)系(xi)統(tong),鼓勵(li)新(xin)建(jian)政府投(tou)資公益性建(jian)筑(zhu)推(tui)廣太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)屋頂系(xi)統(tong)。鼓勵(li)多種方式,因地制宜開(kai)展智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電站建(jian)設(she),鼓勵(li)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)在(zai)整縣(市、區)屋頂分布式光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)開(kai)發試點中的(de)應用,促進光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電與(yu)其他(ta)產(chan)業(ye)有(you)機融(rong)合。
在建(jian)(jian)設公(gong)共服務平臺(tai)方面(mian),《行動計劃》提出,建(jian)(jian)設“雙創(chuang)”孵化(hua)平臺(tai)。支持智能光伏(fu)領域眾創(chuang)、眾包、眾扶、眾籌等創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)支撐平臺(tai)建(jian)(jian)設,推動有條(tiao)件(jian)的地(di)方建(jian)(jian)立一批智能光伏(fu)產業(ye)(ye)生態孵化(hua)器、加速器,探索產業(ye)(ye)發展和商業(ye)(ye)應用模式創(chuang)新,鼓(gu)勵為初創(chuang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)提供資金、技(ji)術(shu)、市場應用及推廣等方面(mian)的扶持。
為確保計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)實施,《行(xing)動計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)》還提出,將發揮光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)產業充分(fen)競爭、市場化程度高等特點(dian),通(tong)過市場機制引導(dao)多(duo)方資(zi)本促進智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)產業發展,支持設立智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)領(ling)域產業發展基金,探(tan)索(suo)政(zheng)府和(he)社會資(zi)本合(he)(he)作模式。發揮國(guo)家產融合(he)(he)作平臺作用,引導(dao)金融投(tou)資(zi)機構加大(da)對智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)產業的精準支持力度。開展多(duo)元化智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)試點(dian)示(shi)范(fan)(fan),培(pei)育若(ruo)干國(guo)家級(ji)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)企(qi)業和(he)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)項(xiang)目。鼓勵光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)企(qi)業與信息、交通(tong)、建(jian)筑、農業、能(neng)(neng)(neng)源、鄉(xiang)村振興(xing)等領(ling)域企(qi)業探(tan)索(suo)可推廣可復制的智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)建(jian)設模式。