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近日，全國人(ren)民代(dai)表(biao)大(da)會(hui)官網發布全國人(ren)民代(dai)表(biao)大(da)會(hui)常(chang)務委員會(hui)執法(fa)檢查(cha)組關于檢查(cha)《中(zhong)華人(ren)民共和(he)國可再生能源法(fa)》實施(shi)情(qing)況的報(bao)告。

該(gai)報(bao)告從可再生能源法實(shi)施的(de)總體情況、實(shi)施成效、存在的(de)問題、意見和建(jian)議四個方面進行了闡述。其中(zhong)在存在的(de)問題方面，報(bao)告明確了幾點(dian)：

相關(guan)規劃尚(shang)未充分(fen)銜(xian)接：包括(kuo)各級可再(zai)生能(neng)源規劃不夠銜(xian)接以及可再(zai)生能(neng)源開(kai)發規劃與(yu)電網規劃實施中(zhong)缺乏(fa)銜(xian)接。

可再(zai)生能源消納壓力仍然(ran)較大。

全(quan)額保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)性收(shou)(shou)購(gou)制度落(luo)實(shi)尚不(bu)到(dao)位。個別省份(fen)暫未達(da)到(dao)國家規(gui)定的最低(di)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)年(nian)利用小時(shi)數，且(qie)存(cun)在以(yi)低(di)于國家有關政策(ce)明確的電價水平(ping)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)的情況。實(shi)際風電、光伏發電利用小時(shi)數中(zhong)，大部分電量屬于低(di)價市場化(hua)交(jiao)易，發電企業合法(fa)權(quan)益保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)不(bu)足。

電價(jia)補(bu)(bu)償和(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)基金問題(ti)較為突出。檢(jian)查(cha)中各(ge)地反(fan)映，電價(jia)補(bu)(bu)償政(zheng)(zheng)策落(luo)實不(bu)(bu)(bu)到位，補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)資金來源(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足，補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)發(fa)(fa)放不(bu)(bu)(bu)及時，影響(xiang)企業正常經營和(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。國家(jia)相(xiang)關部門反(fan)映，現行(xing)可再(zai)生能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)政(zheng)(zheng)策已遠(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)滿足可再(zai)生能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)需(xu)要。目前(qian)征(zheng)收(shou)總額僅(jin)能(neng)滿足2015年(nian)底前(qian)已并網項目的補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)需(xu)求，“十三五”期間90%以上新增可再(zai)生能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電項目補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)資金來源(yuan)尚未落(luo)實。

與相關(guan)財稅(shui)、土(tu)地、環保(bao)等政(zheng)策(ce)銜接不(bu)(bu)夠。檢查中一些企(qi)業(ye)(ye)反(fan)映，可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生能(neng)源企(qi)業(ye)(ye)特(te)別是民營(ying)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)貸(dai)款難、貸(dai)款貴問題仍然存在；可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生能(neng)源開(kai)發(fa)利(li)用與土(tu)地管(guan)理、生態(tai)環境保(bao)護等政(zheng)策(ce)銜接不(bu)(bu)夠，相關(guan)部門監管(guan)協同不(bu)(bu)夠，可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生能(neng)源建設布局、開(kai)發(fa)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)受(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)調整影響較大。企(qi)業(ye)(ye)反(fan)映，有的地方土(tu)地稅(shui)費征收不(bu)(bu)規(gui)(gui)范，稅(shui)收減免措(cuo)施落實(shi)不(bu)(bu)到位(wei)，造成非(fei)技術成本高(gao)昂(ang)。

可再(zai)生能(neng)源非電(dian)應用(yong)支持政策存在短板。

可再(zai)生(sheng)能源技(ji)術研(yan)發應用仍需加強。光伏(fu)電池生(sheng)產裝(zhuang)備主要依賴進口，電網接(jie)入(ru)和(he)運行技(ji)術有待快速(su)提升。

可(ke)再生能源行業(ye)監管(guan)力度不(bu)夠(gou)。可(ke)再生能源法規定了各級政府部門、相關(guan)(guan)企(qi)業(ye)的權利義務，具(ju)體實(shi)施中由于相關(guan)(guan)責任主體不(bu)夠(gou)明確、缺(que)乏有(you)力監管(guan)等原因，造成對執行不(bu)到(dao)位的難以實(shi)施處罰。

原文如下：

全國人民代表大會常務委員會執法檢查組關于檢查《中華人民共和國可再生能源法》實施情況的報告——2019年12月24日在第十三屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十五次會議上

全國人大常(chang)委會副委員(yuan)長丁(ding)仲禮(li)

全國人民代表大會常務委員(yuan)會：

根據全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)大(da)常委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會2019年(nian)度監督(du)工(gong)作計劃(hua)，今年(nian)8月(yue)至(zhi)11月(yue)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)大(da)常委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會組(zu)(zu)(zu)織開(kai)展了可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)組(zu)(zu)(zu)由(you)沈躍躍、白瑪赤林和丁仲(zhong)禮(li)副委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)長任(ren)組(zu)(zu)(zu)長，環資委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)任(ren)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)高虎城任(ren)副組(zu)(zu)(zu)長，成員(yuan)共21位(wei)(wei)(wei)，由(you)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)大(da)常委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)、環資委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)和全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)大(da)代表組(zu)(zu)(zu)成。8月(yue)28日，檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)組(zu)(zu)(zu)召(zhao)開(kai)第(di)一次全(quan)體(ti)會議(yi)，聽取(qu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)局、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家發展改革委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、財政(zheng)部、自(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)(yuan)部、生態環境部等(deng)部門(men)和單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)關于貫徹(che)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)情況(kuang)的(de)匯報，部署開(kai)展執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)工(gong)作。8月(yue)至(zhi)9月(yue)，檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)組(zu)(zu)(zu)分3個小組(zu)(zu)(zu)，赴(fu)河北、吉林、甘肅(su)、青海、寧夏、新疆(jiang)等(deng)6個省(sheng)（自(zi)治區(qu)）開(kai)展執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)工(gong)作。檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)組(zu)(zu)(zu)深入到19個地(di)市，實(shi)(shi)地(di)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)51個點位(wei)(wei)(wei)，召(zhao)開(kai)16個座(zuo)(zuo)談(tan)會，與政(zheng)府及(ji)有關部門(men)、相關企業(ye)、基層執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)人(ren)員(yuan)和五級人(ren)大(da)代表座(zuo)(zuo)談(tan)，聽取(qu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)情況(kuang)及(ji)有關意見建(jian)議(yi)。同時，委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)托山(shan)西、內蒙古、黑龍江、浙江、山(shan)東、湖北、湖南、廣東、廣西、四川、云(yun)南、西藏(zang)等(deng)12個省(sheng)（自(zi)治區(qu)）人(ren)大(da)常委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)會對本行(xing)政(zheng)區(qu)域內可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)情況(kuang)進(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)大(da)環資委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)還(huan)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)托中國(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)程院(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)展了可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)情況(kuang)評(ping)估研究，14位(wei)(wei)(wei)兩院(yuan)(yuan)院(yuan)(yuan)士(shi)、70多(duo)位(wei)(wei)(wei)專(zhuan)家經過深入研究論證，形成了第(di)三方(fang)評(ping)估報告，為執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)提(ti)供(gong)了重要參考和支(zhi)撐(cheng)。

這次執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)有幾個突出(chu)特(te)點：一是(shi)把(ba)宣(xuan)傳貫(guan)徹(che)(che)習近(jin)平生(sheng)態文(wen)明思想和(he)黨中央(yang)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能源(yuan)發(fa)展戰略貫(guan)穿于執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)全過程，聽取(qu)各(ge)地貫(guan)徹(che)(che)落(luo)實習近(jin)平生(sheng)態文(wen)明思想和(he)習近(jin)平總書(shu)記重(zhong)要指(zhi)示(shi)批示(shi)情(qing)況(kuang)。二是(shi)認真貫(guan)徹(che)(che)落(luo)實栗戰書(shu)委(wei)員長對(dui)(dui)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)的(de)要求，緊扣法(fa)(fa)律(lv)制度(du)規定開(kai)(kai)展檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)，堅持問(wen)題導向，依法(fa)(fa)推動(dong)解決可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能源(yuan)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)利用存在的(de)突出(chu)問(wen)題。三是(shi)將執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)與議案建(jian)議辦理工作(zuo)(zuo)有機(ji)結合，深入聽取(qu)人大代表意見建(jian)議。四(si)是(shi)開(kai)(kai)展問(wen)卷調(diao)查(cha)(cha)，了解各(ge)地對(dui)(dui)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)的(de)學習掌握情(qing)況(kuang)，推動(dong)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)宣(xuan)傳普及，加強(qiang)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)學習貫(guan)徹(che)(che)。五是(shi)委(wei)托中國(guo)工程院開(kai)(kai)展可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能源(yuan)法(fa)(fa)實施(shi)情(qing)況(kuang)評估研究，強(qiang)化專業支撐，增強(qiang)監督工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)科學性(xing)和(he)客觀性(xing)。六是(shi)廣泛(fan)深入聽取(qu)五級人大代表、政(zheng)府部門、企業、專家對(dui)(dui)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)實施(shi)和(he)修改(gai)完(wan)善(shan)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)的(de)意見建(jian)議。

下面，我代表執(zhi)法檢查組，將(jiang)可再生能源法執(zhi)法檢查的主(zhu)要情況報告如(ru)下。

一、法律實施總體情況

黨的(de)十八大以來，在(zai)黨中(zhong)央堅強領導下，各(ge)(ge)地(di)區(qu)各(ge)(ge)部門(men)以習近平新時代中(zhong)國(guo)特(te)色社會主義(yi)思想為指(zhi)導，深入貫徹落實(shi)(shi)習近平生(sheng)態文(wen)明思想，認真(zhen)(zhen)落實(shi)(shi)黨中(zhong)央可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)戰略，認真(zhen)(zhen)貫徹實(shi)(shi)施可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)法，推(tui)動可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)快速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，為推(tui)進(jin)能(neng)源(yuan)革命、保護生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)、促(cu)進(jin)經濟和社會可(ke)(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)發(fa)(fa)揮著日益重(zhong)要的(de)作用。自2006年(nian)1月1日可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)法頒布實(shi)(shi)施以來，可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)開發(fa)(fa)利用規模顯著擴大，技(ji)術裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)水平不斷提(ti)(ti)升。我(wo)國(guo)水電、風電、光(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電的(de)累計裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)規模均居世界首位(wei)。2018年(nian)，全國(guo)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電量18670億千瓦時，占全部發(fa)(fa)電量的(de)26.7%，比2005年(nian)提(ti)(ti)高10.6個(ge)百(bai)分點。其中(zhong)非水可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)總(zong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容量是2005年(nian)的(de)94倍，發(fa)(fa)電量是2005年(nian)的(de)91倍。可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)占一次能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費總(zong)量比重(zhong)達到12.5%左右，比2005年(nian)翻了(le)一番。

可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)法主要(yao)法律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)制度基本落(luo)實(shi)(shi)，法律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)得到有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)實(shi)(shi)施，基本實(shi)(shi)現了(le)(le)立法目(mu)(mu)的。法律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)第4條規(gui)定的總(zong)量目(mu)(mu)標(biao)制度有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)。法律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)第2章關(guan)于(yu)資源(yuan)調查與發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)劃的有(you)(you)關(guan)規(gui)定加快實(shi)(shi)施，開展(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)資源(yuan)調查，編制了(le)(le)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)開發(fa)利用(yong)規(gui)劃。按照法律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)第3章要(yao)求(qiu)，公(gong)布了(le)(le)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)指導目(mu)(mu)錄(lu)，制定了(le)(le)相(xiang)關(guan)技術標(biao)準規(gui)范(fan)，推動(dong)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)技術水平顯著進(jin)步(bu)。第4章至(zhi)第6章規(gui)定的相(xiang)關(guan)制度規(gui)定逐步(bu)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)成(cheng)本明顯下降，裝(zhuang)備制造產業(ye)(ye)快速發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)開發(fa)利用(yong)水平快速提升，在(zai)拉動(dong)經濟增長、優化產業(ye)(ye)結構和(he)擴大就業(ye)(ye)崗(gang)位、落(luo)實(shi)(shi)控制溫室氣(qi)體排放目(mu)(mu)標(biao)和(he)治理大氣(qi)污染(ran)等方面發(fa)揮(hui)了(le)(le)重要(yao)作用(yong)，為調整(zheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結構、實(shi)(shi)現綠色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)做出了(le)(le)積極貢獻。但伴隨可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產業(ye)(ye)快速發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，法律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)有(you)(you)關(guan)開發(fa)利用(yong)規(gui)劃、全(quan)額(e)保障性收購、費(fei)用(yong)補償等部分(fen)法律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)制度，也存在(zai)統籌(chou)協(xie)調不夠(gou)、落(luo)實(shi)(shi)不到位、監管(guan)薄弱等問題，有(you)(you)待進(jin)一步(bu)研究解決。

二、法律實施成效

各地(di)區(qu)各部門按照可(ke)再生能源法(fa)要求，依法(fa)履職盡(jin)責，積極(ji)出臺配套政策(ce)，認真落實法(fa)律規定，法(fa)律實施取得了顯著成效。

（一）出臺配套法規制度，提升可再生能源發展法治化水平

國務(wu)院相關部門(men)高度重視可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)的(de)貫徹(che)實(shi)施，依法(fa)(fa)在資源(yuan)(yuan)調查、總(zong)量(liang)目標、規(gui)劃引導、應用(yong)(yong)示范、產業監測(ce)、并網(wang)(wang)消(xiao)納等方面出(chu)(chu)(chu)臺(tai)(tai)了(le)上(shang)百項配套規(gui)章政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，規(gui)范了(le)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電上(shang)網(wang)(wang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理有關內容，明(ming)確了(le)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)電價和(he)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)攤制度，制定(ding)(ding)了(le)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)裝備設備、工(gong)程建設、并網(wang)(wang)運(yun)行等技術標準，為推動可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)快速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)營(ying)造了(le)良(liang)好的(de)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)環境。各級地(di)方政(zheng)(zheng)府結合本地(di)實(shi)際，制定(ding)(ding)出(chu)(chu)(chu)臺(tai)(tai)了(le)地(di)方性法(fa)(fa)規(gui)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，如河(he)北、浙江制定(ding)(ding)了(le)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)開發(fa)(fa)利(li)用(yong)(yong)促進條例(li)(li)，黑龍江、山(shan)東、湖(hu)北、湖(hu)南(nan)等省（區(qu)(qu)、市(shi)）制定(ding)(ding)了(le)農村可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)條例(li)(li)，吉林、廣西(xi)等省（區(qu)(qu)、市(shi)）出(chu)(chu)(chu)臺(tai)(tai)了(le)水能(neng)資源(yuan)(yuan)開發(fa)(fa)利(li)用(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理有關規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，內蒙古、四川、云南(nan)、寧夏等省（區(qu)(qu)、市(shi)）出(chu)(chu)(chu)臺(tai)(tai)了(le)風能(neng)、太(tai)陽能(neng)、地(di)熱能(neng)等開發(fa)(fa)利(li)用(yong)(yong)的(de)有關規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，山(shan)西(xi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)臺(tai)(tai)了(le)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電全(quan)額保障性收購管(guan)(guan)(guan)理辦法(fa)(fa)，各地(di)支持可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)配套法(fa)(fa)規(gui)和(he)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)體系逐步完(wan)善。

（二）落實資源調查和規劃制度，引導可再生能源發展方向

法律第2章規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)開展(zhan)可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)調查與編(bian)制開發利用規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃等(deng)(deng)內容。國務(wu)院有(you)關部(bu)門依(yi)法組織(zhi)開展(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)詳(xiang)查，于2008年(nian)和(he)(he)(he)2014年(nian)分別發布了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)國太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)(yuan)圖譜(pu)和(he)(he)(he)全(quan)國風(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)評價成果，為(wei)國家和(he)(he)(he)地(di)方開展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃編(bian)制、企業開發項目(mu)選址提供(gong)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)基(ji)礎(chu)依(yi)據和(he)(he)(he)支撐。在此(ci)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，組織(zhi)編(bian)制了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)國家“十(shi)一(yi)五”、“十(shi)二五”、“十(shi)三(san)五”可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃以及水電、風(feng)電、太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、生(sheng)物質能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)(he)地(di)熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)領域五年(nian)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃。甘肅等(deng)(deng)15個(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)（區、市）編(bian)制了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)（或新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)）發展(zhan)“十(shi)三(san)五”規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃；廣(guang)東(dong)、西藏等(deng)(deng)16個(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)（區、市）在能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發展(zhan)“十(shi)三(san)五”規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃或“十(shi)三(san)五”電力(li)發展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃中(zhong)(zhong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發展(zhan)目(mu)標；新疆等(deng)(deng)省(sheng)(sheng)（區、市）還對(dui)部(bu)分可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)品(pin)種專(zhuan)門制定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)分項發展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃。可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃體(ti)系逐步建立(li)，為(wei)引導(dao)可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發展(zhan)方向、優化結(jie)構(gou)布局(ju)發揮了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)重要作用。

（三）加強產業指導和技術創新，大力扶持可再生能源產業發展

法律第3章要求國(guo)(guo)務院相關部(bu)門(men)加強對可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)指導和(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)。國(guo)(guo)家能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)局會同(tong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)改革委發(fa)(fa)(fa)布了可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)指導目(mu)錄，為制(zhi)定支持可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)財政、稅收等政策提(ti)(ti)供(gong)依據。可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)項目(mu)穩(wen)步推進(jin)，“十(shi)二五(wu)”期間(jian)實(shi)(shi)施81個新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)城市、8個新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)園區、86個綠色能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)縣(xian)，“十(shi)三(san)五(wu)”期間(jian)組織實(shi)(shi)施6個清潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)省、4個可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)綜(zong)合應(ying)(ying)用(yong)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)區以及28個新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)微電網(wang)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)工程。2015年(nian)以來，組織開(kai)展(zhan)3批光伏“領跑者”基地項目(mu)建設。這些示(shi)范(fan)(fan)項目(mu)在(zai)提(ti)(ti)升可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)比重(zhong)，推動先(xian)進(jin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)成(cheng)果(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化，促進(jin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)升級等方面取得(de)(de)積(ji)極效(xiao)果(guo)。可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)法頒布實(shi)(shi)施后，科技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)家科技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)計劃(hua)中優先(xian)部(bu)署可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)，截(jie)至(zhi)“十(shi)二五(wu)”末期投(tou)入(ru)中央財政經(jing)費(fei)逾(yu)23億(yi)元(yuan)。“十(shi)三(san)五(wu)”期間(jian)投(tou)入(ru)中央財政資金7億(yi)元(yuan)，實(shi)(shi)施“可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)與氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)”、“智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電網(wang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)與裝備(bei)”兩(liang)個重(zhong)點研發(fa)(fa)(fa)專(zhuan)項。通過(guo)創新(xin)(xin)驅(qu)動和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)家科技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)計劃(hua)的實(shi)(shi)施，我國(guo)(guo)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)領域科技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)及產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)水(shui)平得(de)(de)到跨越式提(ti)(ti)升。水(shui)電作(zuo)為傳統可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，已(yi)經(jing)位(wei)于世(shi)界水(shui)電強國(guo)(guo)前列；光伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)電產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)規模(mo)連(lian)續多(duo)(duo)年(nian)世(shi)界第一，是我國(guo)(guo)少數有(you)話語(yu)權的行業(ye)(ye)(ye)之一，光伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)電技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)際市場(chang)擁有(you)絕對競爭優勢；風電領域建立了完整的設備(bei)制(zhi)造產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈，風電開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)規模(mo)穩(wen)居世(shi)界首(shou)位(wei)；太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)熱發(fa)(fa)(fa)電初(chu)步形成(cheng)具有(you)自主知識產(chan)(chan)(chan)權的產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈；生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)了多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)化技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和(he)(he)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)；地熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)了工程規模(mo)化應(ying)(ying)用(yong)；海(hai)洋能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研究和(he)(he)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)不斷取得(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)進(jin)展(zhan)；電網(wang)接入(ru)和(he)(he)運行技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)水(shui)平不斷提(ti)(ti)高(gao)，為可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)大規模(mo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和(he)(he)消納(na)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)有(you)力(li)支撐(cheng)。

（四）落實相關法律制度，提高可再生能源開發利用水平

法(fa)律第4章規定(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)支持(chi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，建立(li)(li)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)獨立(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統，鼓勵生(sheng)(sheng)物質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)熱(re)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)熱(re)水、農(nong)村地(di)(di)區(qu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)推廣和(he)應用(yong)(yong)等(deng)(deng)內容(rong)。為(wei)落(luo)實(shi)全(quan)額保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)性收購(gou)制(zhi)度(du)，國(guo)(guo)家發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)委、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)局(ju)出(chu)臺了(le)(le)(le)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)全(quan)額保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)性收購(gou)管理辦法(fa)、清潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)行動計劃(hua)、建立(li)(li)健全(quan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)機制(zhi)的通知等(deng)(deng)政策文件，核定(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)重點地(di)(di)區(qu)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)光伏最(zui)低保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)收購(gou)年(nian)利用(yong)(yong)小(xiao)時(shi)數(shu)，設(she)定(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)各省(sheng)級行政區(qu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)責(ze)任權重等(deng)(deng)。建立(li)(li)了(le)(le)(le)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、光伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)監測評價體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，按年(nian)度(du)監測并(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)布(bu)市場(chang)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)情況，分(fen)(fen)綠色(se)、橙(cheng)色(se)和(he)紅(hong)色(se)三個等(deng)(deng)級為(wei)行業(ye)(ye)提供(gong)信息和(he)預警。電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)企業(ye)(ye)充分(fen)(fen)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮資源(yuan)(yuan)優化(hua)配置(zhi)平臺作用(yong)(yong)，優化(hua)調度(du)運(yun)行，加快(kuai)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)通道(dao)建設(she)，支持(chi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)高比例(li)運(yun)行和(he)大規模外送(song)。經過(guo)各方面共同努力(li)(li)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)棄電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀況持(chi)續緩解。2016年(nian)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)平均(jun)棄風(feng)(feng)率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)17%，棄光率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)10%；2019年(nian)1—9月(yue)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)平均(jun)棄風(feng)(feng)率(lv)(lv)(lv)降至4.2%，棄光率(lv)(lv)(lv)降至1.9%。青海創新開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)“綠電(dian)(dian)(dian)15日(ri)”創造了(le)(le)(le)全(quan)球清潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)紀錄。國(guo)(guo)家發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)委、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)局(ju)大力(li)(li)推動分(fen)(fen)布(bu)式發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)應用(yong)(yong)，截至2018年(nian)底，分(fen)(fen)布(bu)式光伏累計并(bing)網(wang)(wang)裝機容(rong)量達5061萬千瓦，成(cheng)為(wei)光伏產(chan)業(ye)(ye)新增長點。農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村部(bu)等(deng)(deng)有關部(bu)門和(he)地(di)(di)區(qu)積極實(shi)施農(nong)村沼氣轉型升級，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)秸稈能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利用(yong)(yong)，目前全(quan)國(guo)(guo)秸稈成(cheng)型燃料年(nian)產(chan)量達到800萬噸。生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境部(bu)將可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)項(xiang)目納(na)入溫室氣體(ti)自愿減排交(jiao)易體(ti)系(xi)(xi)重點支持(chi)領域，將發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)作為(wei)實(shi)現碳強度(du)降低目標(biao)的有效路徑，不斷推動可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)高質(zhi)量開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)利用(yong)(yong)。同時(shi)，一些地(di)(di)方將可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)與促(cu)進民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)改(gai)(gai)善(shan)、助力(li)(li)脫貧(pin)攻堅、解決無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)地(di)(di)區(qu)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)相結合(he)，因地(di)(di)制(zhi)宜探索(suo)光伏+農(nong)業(ye)(ye)、光伏+漁業(ye)(ye)、風(feng)(feng)光互補開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)清潔供(gong)暖、可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)微電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)等(deng)(deng)示范項(xiang)目建設(she)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的綜(zong)合(he)效益逐步顯現。

（五）注重經濟激勵，為可再生能源發展提供財政支持

法律(lv)第5章、第6章明確了可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)經濟調控有(you)(you)(you)關法律(lv)制(zhi)度(du)(du)，包括分(fen)(fen)(fen)類電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)、發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)金、財(cai)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)政(zheng)策(ce)等。國(guo)務院相關部(bu)(bu)門按照有(you)(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)促(cu)進(jin)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)開發利(li)用和經濟合理的原則，制(zhi)定了基(ji)于(yu)固定電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)下(xia)(xia)的補貼政(zheng)策(ce)，明確上網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)高于(yu)煤電(dian)(dian)標(biao)桿電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)的部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)通(tong)過(guo)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)金補償。2019年(nian)(nian)將(jiang)上網(wang)(wang)標(biao)桿電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)調整(zheng)為(wei)(wei)指導(dao)價(jia)(jia)，新增項(xiang)目(mu)上網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)通(tong)過(guo)競爭方(fang)式確定。同(tong)時電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)附(fu)加征收標(biao)準逐步提(ti)(ti)高，由初(chu)期(qi)每(mei)度(du)(du)電(dian)(dian)0.1分(fen)(fen)(fen)調整(zheng)為(wei)(wei)2016年(nian)(nian)每(mei)度(du)(du)電(dian)(dian)1.9分(fen)(fen)(fen)。財(cai)政(zheng)部(bu)(bu)設(she)立專項(xiang)資金，累(lei)計撥(bo)付1312億元(yuan)支持可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)產業(ye)化規模應用，支持解決無(wu)電(dian)(dian)地區用電(dian)(dian)問題等。據財(cai)政(zheng)部(bu)(bu)統計，2012年(nian)(nian)以來累(lei)計安排(pai)補貼資金超(chao)過(guo)4500億元(yuan)，為(wei)(wei)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)快速發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)(ti)供了有(you)(you)(you)力支持。在稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收方(fang)面(mian)，積極落(luo)實(shi)國(guo)家重點(dian)扶持的公共(gong)基(ji)礎設(she)施項(xiang)目(mu)企業(ye)所得稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)三免三減半、風電(dian)(dian)增值(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即征即退50%、固定資產加速折舊等優惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)，下(xia)(xia)調增值(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)率，可(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)相關企業(ye)普(pu)遍(bian)受益(yi)。

三、存在的主要問題

隨著可再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)技術進步和(he)(he)產業(ye)(ye)快(kuai)速(su)發展，我國可再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)進入全面、快(kuai)速(su)、規模化發展階段，可再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)法一些制度(du)規定在(zai)實施中存(cun)在(zai)相(xiang)互間不夠(gou)協調、執行不夠(gou)到位等(deng)問題，需要中央和(he)(he)地方(fang)、政府和(he)(he)企業(ye)(ye)統籌解決(jue)。

（一）相關規劃尚未充分銜接

法律第(di)8條規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，省(sheng)、自治區(qu)、直(zhi)轄市人民政府(fu)(fu)管理(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工作(zuo)的部門會同本級(ji)人民政府(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)關部門，依(yi)據全(quan)國可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)利(li)(li)用規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)和本行(xing)政區(qu)域(yu)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)利(li)(li)用中(zhong)(zhong)長(chang)期目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)，編(bian)制本行(xing)政區(qu)域(yu)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)利(li)(li)用規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)。法律第(di)9條規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)內(nei)容應當(dang)包括(kuo)發(fa)展目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)、主要任務、區(qu)域(yu)布局、重(zhong)點項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)、實施進度、配套電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)、服務體系和保障措施等。具體實施中(zhong)(zhong)存在相關規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)不(bu)夠(gou)銜(xian)接(jie)、執(zhi)行(xing)不(bu)夠(gou)到(dao)位(wei)等問(wen)(wen)題。一是各級(ji)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)不(bu)夠(gou)銜(xian)接(jie)。檢查中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)現，國家可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)和規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)缺乏(fa)約束性(xing)，一些地(di)(di)(di)(di)方可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)利(li)(li)用中(zhong)(zhong)長(chang)期總量目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)未嚴(yan)格依(yi)照全(quan)國總量目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)確(que)定(ding)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)方規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)發(fa)展目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)超過上級(ji)總體目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)，建(jian)(jian)設(she)規(gui)(gui)模、布局和速度也與上級(ji)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)不(bu)一致。如(ru)國家“十(shi)三五(wu)”規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)確(que)定(ding)新(xin)(xin)疆風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)展目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)為1800萬(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)，而新(xin)(xin)疆可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)“十(shi)三五(wu)”規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)確(que)定(ding)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)展目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)為3650萬(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)，遠超國家規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)。二是可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)實施中(zhong)(zhong)缺乏(fa)銜(xian)接(jie)。一些地(di)(di)(di)(di)方反映，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)與可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)利(li)(li)用不(bu)適應，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)滯后于(yu)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展，輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)道不(bu)足，且(qie)部分輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)道能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)未達到(dao)設(she)計水平(ping)，可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)輸出受阻問(wen)(wen)題比(bi)較明顯。如(ru)我國“三北”地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)裝機達到(dao)2.3億(yi)千瓦(wa)，本地(di)(di)(di)(di)市場(chang)有(you)(you)限，跨區(qu)外送能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)只有(you)(you)4200萬(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)，僅占新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)裝機的18%。靈活性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)比(bi)例不(bu)盡合理(li)，蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)較為滯后，影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)穩定(ding)性(xing)，不(bu)利(li)(li)于(yu)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消納(na)。

（二）可再生能源消納壓力仍然較大

法(fa)律第13條規定，國家(jia)鼓勵和支持(chi)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)并網(wang)發電(dian)。檢查中發現，受多種因素影響，一些(xie)(xie)(xie)局部地(di)區(qu)(qu)棄電(dian)率仍(reng)然偏高，可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)納(na)問題仍(reng)需(xu)重視。“十二五”以(yi)來(lai)，我(wo)(wo)國包括(kuo)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)內的各類電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)持(chi)快速(su)增長，而用(yong)(yong)電(dian)需(xu)求不(bu)夠平衡，消(xiao)納(na)市場容量不(bu)足。可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)富集區(qu)(qu)與(yu)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)負荷(he)區(qu)(qu)不(bu)匹(pi)配(pei)，一些(xie)(xie)(xie)地(di)方出(chu)于(yu)利益考(kao)慮(lv)不(bu)優(you)先(xian)接受外來(lai)電(dian)力，行政(zheng)區(qu)(qu)域間壁壘嚴重，可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)異地(di)消(xiao)納(na)矛盾(dun)(dun)較為(wei)突(tu)出(chu)。同時，我(wo)(wo)國電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結構性矛盾(dun)(dun)突(tu)出(chu)，缺少抽(chou)水蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)等靈活調節電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)匹(pi)配(pei)，特(te)別(bie)是在(zai)(zai)冬季供(gong)暖(nuan)期，煤電(dian)機(ji)組熱(re)電(dian)聯產與(yu)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)力消(xiao)納(na)矛盾(dun)(dun)更(geng)加(jia)突(tu)出(chu)。如吉林裝機(ji)容量是用(yong)(yong)電(dian)負荷(he)的2.6—5.8倍，省內電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)持(chi)續富余，特(te)別(bie)是在(zai)(zai)冬季供(gong)暖(nuan)期，保(bao)證供(gong)熱(re)的火電(dian)最(zui)小(xiao)發電(dian)出(chu)力比低(di)谷用(yong)(yong)電(dian)負荷(he)高210—320萬(wan)千瓦，電(dian)網(wang)調峰困難。由(you)于(yu)一些(xie)(xie)(xie)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)富集的重點地(di)區(qu)(qu)缺乏針(zhen)對性政(zheng)策安排，可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)力消(xiao)納(na)壓力很(hen)大，一定程度影響和制約了可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的健康快速(su)發展。

（三）全額保障性收購制度落實尚不到位

法律第14條規(gui)定(ding)，國家實行可再(zai)生能源發(fa)電全額保(bao)障(zhang)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)(gou)制(zhi)度。檢查中(zhong)發(fa)現，個別省份(fen)暫未達到國家規(gui)定(ding)的最低(di)(di)保(bao)障(zhang)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)(gou)年(nian)利(li)用小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)，且(qie)存在以低(di)(di)于(yu)國家有關政策(ce)明確的電價水平(ping)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)(gou)的情況(kuang)。如寧(ning)夏2018年(nian)自行制(zhi)定(ding)風電最低(di)(di)保(bao)障(zhang)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)(gou)利(li)用小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)為750—850小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，遠低(di)(di)于(yu)國家核(he)定(ding)的1850小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)最低(di)(di)保(bao)障(zhang)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)(gou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)。甘肅(su)2018年(nian)自行設(she)置(zhi)的風電、光伏發(fa)電保(bao)障(zhang)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)(gou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)分(fen)別為774小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)和479小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，距國家保(bao)障(zhang)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)(gou)政策(ce)規(gui)定(ding)的風電1800小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)和光伏發(fa)電1500小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)差距較大；實際風電、光伏發(fa)電利(li)用小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)中(zhong)，大部分(fen)電量屬(shu)于(yu)低(di)(di)價市場化交易，發(fa)電企業合法權益保(bao)障(zhang)不足。

（四）電價補償和發展基金問題較為突出

法律(lv)第20條規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定，收購可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量所(suo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)的費用(yong)，高于(yu)按(an)照(zhao)常規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平均(jun)上網(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價計算所(suo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)費用(yong)之間(jian)的差額，由在(zai)全國范圍對(dui)(dui)銷售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量征(zheng)(zheng)收可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價附(fu)加(jia)補(bu)(bu)償。法律(lv)第24條規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定，國家(jia)(jia)(jia)財政(zheng)(zheng)設立可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)基金(jin)(jin)，資金(jin)(jin)來(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)包(bao)括(kuo)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)財政(zheng)(zheng)年(nian)度安排的專項資金(jin)(jin)和(he)(he)依(yi)法征(zheng)(zheng)收的可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價附(fu)加(jia)收入等(deng)。檢(jian)查中各(ge)地(di)反映，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價補(bu)(bu)償政(zheng)(zheng)策落實不(bu)到位，補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)資金(jin)(jin)來(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)足，補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)發(fa)(fa)(fa)放不(bu)及時，影響企(qi)業(ye)正常經營和(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。國家(jia)(jia)(jia)相關部(bu)門反映，現(xian)行(xing)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)政(zheng)(zheng)策已(yi)遠(yuan)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)滿(man)足可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)需要。目前征(zheng)(zheng)收總額僅能(neng)(neng)(neng)滿(man)足2015年(nian)底前已(yi)并網(wang)項目的補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)需求，“十三五”期間(jian)90%以上新增可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項目補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)資金(jin)(jin)來(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)尚未(wei)(wei)落實。一是可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價附(fu)加(jia)未(wei)(wei)及時調(diao)(diao)整。2016年(nian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價附(fu)加(jia)征(zheng)(zheng)收標準提高到每千(qian)瓦(wa)時1.9分，后期未(wei)(wei)作調(diao)(diao)整，其(qi)他資金(jin)(jin)來(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)足，補(bu)(bu)償缺(que)(que)口(kou)逐步擴大。二是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價附(fu)加(jia)未(wei)(wei)依(yi)法嚴(yan)格征(zheng)(zheng)收。第三方評估報告指出(chu)，2015—2018年(nian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價平均(jun)附(fu)加(jia)征(zheng)(zheng)收率(lv)僅為84.4%。各(ge)地(di)方廣泛存在(zai)著只對(dui)(dui)公共(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)工商業(ye)用(yong)戶征(zheng)(zheng)收，對(dui)(dui)自(zi)備(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠用(yong)戶、地(di)方電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)長(chang)期未(wei)(wei)征(zheng)(zheng)、少征(zheng)(zheng)等(deng)問題。三是發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)模缺(que)(que)乏有效(xiao)控制。可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)初期，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價調(diao)(diao)整滯后于(yu)技術發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)水平，部(bu)分可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)企(qi)業(ye)追求高投(tou)(tou)資回報，非理性投(tou)(tou)資，搶(qiang)裝(zhuang)機(ji)、搶(qiang)上網(wang)問題突出(chu)，一些地(di)方未(wei)(wei)按(an)照(zhao)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃有效(xiao)控制本地(di)區發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)模，加(jia)劇了補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)缺(que)(que)口(kou)。

（五）與相關財稅、土地、環保等政策銜接不夠

法律第(di)25、26條(tiao)分別(bie)(bie)規定(ding)，對(dui)列入國家(jia)可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源產業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展指導目(mu)錄的(de)有(you)關項目(mu)，金(jin)融機構對(dui)其提供優(you)惠(hui)貸款(kuan)(kuan)，國家(jia)給予稅收優(you)惠(hui)。檢查中(zhong)一(yi)些企(qi)業(ye)反(fan)(fan)映，可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源企(qi)業(ye)特別(bie)(bie)是(shi)民營企(qi)業(ye)貸款(kuan)(kuan)難、貸款(kuan)(kuan)貴問題仍然存在。第(di)三方(fang)評估報(bao)(bao)告指出，財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)貼(tie)息政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)沒有(you)落實(shi)，優(you)惠(hui)貸款(kuan)(kuan)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)未覆(fu)蓋可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源領域。一(yi)些地(di)方(fang)反(fan)(fan)映，可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源開(kai)發(fa)(fa)利用(yong)與(yu)土地(di)管(guan)理(li)、生(sheng)態環境(jing)保護(hu)等政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)銜接不(bu)夠，相關部門監管(guan)協同不(bu)夠，可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源建設布局、開(kai)發(fa)(fa)規模(mo)受(shou)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)調整影(ying)響(xiang)較大。河北是(shi)京津冀重要的(de)生(sheng)態環境(jing)支撐區，青(qing)海自然生(sheng)態系統敏感脆弱，可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源開(kai)發(fa)(fa)利用(yong)更要重視與(yu)資(zi)源環境(jing)相關政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)的(de)銜接，可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源綠色高(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)展任務(wu)艱巨。企(qi)業(ye)反(fan)(fan)映，有(you)的(de)地(di)方(fang)土地(di)稅費征(zheng)收不(bu)規范(fan)，稅收減免措(cuo)施落實(shi)不(bu)到位，造成非(fei)技術成本高(gao)昂(ang)。另外(wai)，現行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)對(dui)可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源開(kai)發(fa)(fa)利用(yong)全生(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)周期生(sheng)態環境(jing)效益考慮不(bu)足，重視前期開(kai)發(fa)(fa)利用(yong)，忽視產品末端(duan)回收。風力發(fa)(fa)電機壽命(ming)(ming)(ming)為20年左右，太陽能(neng)(neng)板使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)(ming)為25年左右，早(zao)期投(tou)產的(de)可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源設備陸續進入報(bao)(bao)廢期，廢棄物回收處理(li)處置需(xu)要規范(fan)管(guan)理(li)。

（六）可再生能源非電應用支持政策存在短板

法律第16、17條明確國(guo)家鼓(gu)勵發(fa)展(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質燃(ran)氣和(he)(he)熱(re)(re)力(li)(li)(li)、太陽能(neng)(neng)熱(re)(re)利(li)用(yong)等(deng)。實際工作中，各類型可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源之間發(fa)展(zhan)不(bu)平(ping)衡，可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源非電應用(yong)明顯滯后于(yu)發(fa)電類項目，太陽能(neng)(neng)熱(re)(re)利(li)用(yong)、地熱(re)(re)利(li)用(yong)以及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質燃(ran)料的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)都較為緩慢。企(qi)業(ye)(ye)反映，可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源非電應用(yong)政策支持(chi)和(he)(he)經濟激勵力(li)(li)(li)度不(bu)足，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質熱(re)(re)力(li)(li)(li)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)燃(ran)氣、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)柴油(you)等(deng)產(chan)品缺乏具體的(de)支持(chi)政策，受特(te)許經營限制，難以公(gong)平(ping)進(jin)入市場。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質能(neng)(neng)開發(fa)利(li)用(yong)對于(yu)改善民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、助力(li)(li)(li)脫貧攻堅、保護生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境等(deng)具有更加直接的(de)作用(yong)，應統籌(chou)考慮其環保效益(yi)和(he)(he)社會效益(yi)，加大(da)財稅政策支持(chi)力(li)(li)(li)度。另(ling)外，一些地方(fang)反映對可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源用(yong)戶企(qi)業(ye)(ye)支持(chi)政策尚有不(bu)足。

（七）可再生能源技術研發應用仍需加強

法(fa)律(lv)第12條規定(ding)，支(zhi)持推(tui)動可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)開(kai)發利用(yong)的科學(xue)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)研(yan)究、應(ying)用(yong)示范和(he)產(chan)業化(hua)發展。雖然(ran)我國可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)水(shui)平(ping)取得顯著進(jin)步，但(dan)在(zai)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)研(yan)發能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、裝備制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)質量(liang)、工程(cheng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)創新、公共技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)體系建設方面(mian)仍需(xu)進(jin)一(yi)步加強。一(yi)是部分核心(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)研(yan)發能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)偏弱(ruo)。大(da)容量(liang)儲能(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)尚存在(zai)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)瓶頸(jing)，安全經濟(ji)的新型儲能(neng)(neng)產(chan)品有待突破(po)(po)。風電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)軸承國產(chan)化(hua)程(cheng)度(du)不(bu)高(gao)，風電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)控制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)核心(xin)元器件、部分高(gao)效光伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)池生(sheng)產(chan)裝備主要依賴進(jin)口。二(er)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)網接入(ru)和(he)運(yun)行技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)有待快速提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)網運(yun)行控制(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)水(shui)平(ping)、靈活調(diao)節能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)以及新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)功率(lv)預測技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)等，均需(xu)要提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)適(shi)應(ying)高(gao)比例可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)并網運(yun)行水(shui)平(ping)。三(san)是生(sheng)物(wu)質能(neng)(neng)相關技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)有待突破(po)(po)。成型燃(ran)料(liao)、生(sheng)物(wu)燃(ran)料(liao)乙醇、生(sheng)物(wu)質氣化(hua)等存在(zai)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)瓶頸(jing)。四是可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)標準化(hua)建設、開(kai)發利用(yong)裝備公共檢測試驗能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)有待提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)。

（八）可再生能源行業監管力度不夠

可再生能(neng)源(yuan)法規(gui)定(ding)(ding)了各(ge)級政府部門(men)、相(xiang)關企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)權利義務，具體(ti)(ti)實施中(zhong)由于(yu)相(xiang)關責任主體(ti)(ti)不夠明(ming)確、缺乏有力監管(guan)等(deng)原(yuan)因(yin)，造成對執行(xing)不到(dao)位的(de)難(nan)以實施處罰(fa)。法律第28—31條(tiao)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)了相(xiang)關部門(men)、電網企(qi)業(ye)(ye)、燃氣和熱(re)力管(guan)網企(qi)業(ye)(ye)、石油銷售企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)法律責任，但自法律頒(ban)布實施以來，尚未(wei)有因(yin)違反可再生能(neng)源(yuan)法獲(huo)得相(xiang)關行(xing)政處罰(fa)的(de)案例發(fa)生，法律責任條(tiao)款并未(wei)有效(xiao)落實。

四、意見和建議

各(ge)地各(ge)部(bu)門要(yao)以習近(jin)平新時代中國特(te)色社會主義思(si)(si)想(xiang)為指導，認真貫徹落(luo)實習近(jin)平生(sheng)(sheng)態文明思(si)(si)想(xiang)，貫徹落(luo)實習近(jin)平總書記(ji)關于能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)產和消費(fei)革命(ming)的(de)(de)重要(yao)論(lun)述，以及(ji)中央十九屆四中全(quan)會有關“推進(jin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)革命(ming)，構建(jian)清潔(jie)低碳、安(an)全(quan)高效的(de)(de)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi)”戰略部(bu)署(shu)，全(quan)面推動(dong)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高質量發展(zhan)。要(yao)從(cong)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)革命(ming)戰略高度考慮可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發展(zhan)問題，重視可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發展(zhan)在整(zheng)個經(jing)濟社會發展(zhan)中的(de)(de)戰略地位，統籌處(chu)理好可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)關系(xi)，處(chu)理好可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開發利(li)用與(yu)并網(wang)消納的(de)(de)關系(xi)。要(yao)堅持清潔(jie)低碳、綠色發展(zhan)，保持優(you)先(xian)發展(zhan)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)定力不動(dong)搖(yao)，提高可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)比重，努力盡(jin)早實現到2030年(nian)非(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)占一次(ci)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)比重達到20%的(de)(de)目標。

（一）做好頂層設計，提高規劃的科學性和協調性

國(guo)務院有(you)關(guan)部門要(yao)(yao)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)好可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)“十四五”規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)和(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)長期(qi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)戰略研究，根據我國(guo)能源(yuan)(yuan)轉型方向和(he)(he)(he)各(ge)地(di)(di)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)稟(bing)賦特點，做(zuo)好可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)頂層設計(ji)。嚴(yan)格落(luo)實(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)中(zhong)關(guan)于規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)制度的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求，突出規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)的(de)(de)科學(xue)性(xing)(xing)、前(qian)(qian)瞻性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)約束性(xing)(xing)，科學(xue)合(he)理確定可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)目(mu)標和(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)時(shi)序(xu)，統籌可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)、輸送、利用(yong)各(ge)環(huan)(huan)節的(de)(de)部署(shu)安(an)(an)排(pai)，積極促進(jin)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)產業持(chi)續健(jian)康(kang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。地(di)(di)方各(ge)級(ji)能源(yuan)(yuan)主管(guan)部門要(yao)(yao)以國(guo)家規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)為依(yi)據，按照法(fa)(fa)律規(gui)(gui)定的(de)(de)程序(xu)制定本行政區域可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)利用(yong)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)各(ge)級(ji)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)的(de)(de)有(you)效銜(xian)接(jie)。結合(he)實(shi)際、因地(di)(di)制宜統籌安(an)(an)排(pai)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)、布局(ju)、時(shi)序(xu)，科學(xue)有(you)序(xu)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)利用(yong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)。相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)部門和(he)(he)(he)單(dan)位要(yao)(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)網、可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)常規(gui)(gui)能源(yuan)(yuan)、可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)應對(dui)氣候變化等相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)統籌銜(xian)接(jie)，保證各(ge)項規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)的(de)(de)目(mu)標、任務和(he)(he)(he)措(cuo)施相(xiang)(xiang)互配套。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)與(yu)國(guo)土(tu)空間(jian)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)統籌協(xie)調，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)對(dui)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)專項規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)環(huan)(huan)境影響評價，促進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護和(he)(he)(he)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)持(chi)續協(xie)調發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)執(zhi)行情況的(de)(de)事(shi)前(qian)(qian)事(shi)中(zhong)監管(guan)，完善定期(qi)追蹤(zong)和(he)(he)(he)評估機制，嚴(yan)格規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)目(mu)標執(zhi)行情況考核。

（二）完善體制機制，統籌解決可再生能源消納問題

國務院相(xiang)關部門要加快(kuai)建(jian)立(li)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)協調的體(ti)制(zhi)機制(zhi)，加強(qiang)溝通銜接(jie)，共(gong)同研(yan)究和(he)統(tong)(tong)籌處理好可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)開發和(he)消(xiao)納利用的關系(xi)，進(jin)一(yi)步提(ti)高可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用率。結合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)體(ti)制(zhi)改(gai)革，抓緊研(yan)究有利于可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)大規(gui)模并網的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)運行體(ti)制(zhi)和(he)機制(zhi)，完善(shan)(shan)以可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用指標為導(dao)向的能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發展指標考核體(ti)系(xi)。結合北方(fang)冬季清潔取暖等相(xiang)關政策推進(jin)實施，鼓勵分布式可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)自發自用，促進(jin)就地(di)消(xiao)納利用。完善(shan)(shan)可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)機制(zhi)，打破省間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)交(jiao)易(yi)壁壘，鼓勵送受兩端(duan)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)體(ti)直接(jie)開展交(jiao)易(yi)，有針對性地(di)建(jian)立(li)可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)現貨市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)的體(ti)系(xi)。積極引導(dao)和(he)規(gui)范電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)建(jian)設(she)，通過市(shi)場(chang)(chang)化方(fang)式提(ti)升可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)納能(neng)(neng)力(li)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網公司(si)應加強(qiang)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通道(dao)建(jian)設(she)，提(ti)高可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)跨區(qu)域輸送能(neng)(neng)力(li)。

（三）加強統籌協調，綜合研究解決補貼資金拖欠問題

國家發(fa)(fa)展改革、財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)、能(neng)(neng)源等部(bu)門要進一步完善可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源價格補(bu)(bu)貼政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，保(bao)持(chi)相關政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)的科學性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)連續(xu)性(xing)(xing)，合理確定(ding)電價附加(jia)征收(shou)(shou)標準動態調整和(he)(he)補(bu)(bu)貼退坡有關政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)的調整方(fang)向、節奏等，穩(wen)定(ding)企(qi)業(ye)預(yu)期。要統籌考(kao)慮政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)支(zhi)撐(cheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、環境保(bao)護(hu)和(he)(he)改善民(min)生(sheng)需求(qiu)(qiu)等多方(fang)面因素，開(kai)拓(tuo)思路提出解決存(cun)(cun)量(liang)項(xiang)目補(bu)(bu)貼缺口(kou)的新辦法，采取有效措(cuo)施控制(zhi)新增(zeng)項(xiang)目補(bu)(bu)貼需求(qiu)(qiu)。強化可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源電價附加(jia)征繳，自備(bei)電廠應(ying)繳費用(yong)做到應(ying)收(shou)(shou)盡收(shou)(shou)，增(zeng)加(jia)基金(jin)(jin)收(shou)(shou)入。鼓勵可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)(fa)電通過參與電力(li)(li)市場化交易、綠(lv)色電力(li)(li)證(zheng)書交易等方(fang)式減(jian)少補(bu)(bu)貼需求(qiu)(qiu)，研究出臺鼓勵存(cun)(cun)量(liang)項(xiang)目自愿轉為平價項(xiang)目的政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)措(cuo)施。進一步合理控制(zhi)新增(zeng)項(xiang)目開(kai)發(fa)(fa)規模和(he)(he)建(jian)設時序，規范(fan)補(bu)(bu)償范(fan)圍、優(you)化補(bu)(bu)貼發(fa)(fa)放(fang)程(cheng)序，縮小補(bu)(bu)貼缺口(kou)，逐步實現(xian)收(shou)(shou)支(zhi)平衡。制(zhi)定(ding)鼓勵企(qi)業(ye)自發(fa)(fa)自用(yong)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源的政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。充分發(fa)(fa)揮財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)資金(jin)(jin)的杠桿作用(yong)，加(jia)大對民(min)營企(qi)業(ye)和(he)(he)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)(fa)電企(qi)業(ye)的金(jin)(jin)融支(zhi)持(chi)力(li)(li)度。

（四）健全政策措施，實現可再生能源持續健康發展

根(gen)據不同種類可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)階段(duan)，區別制定(ding)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)政策(ce)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)產業相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)成熟的(de)，適當減(jian)少政策(ce)支(zhi)持(chi)規模和力度，鼓(gu)勵(li)其參與市場化競爭(zheng)；對(dui)(dui)(dui)有(you)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)潛力、進(jin)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)較為(wei)緩慢的(de)，加大(da)政策(ce)和財(cai)政扶持(chi)。處理(li)好可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)開發(fa)(fa)利(li)(li)用(yong)同生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)關系(xi)，研究完善(shan)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)污(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)及廢棄物回(hui)收處理(li)相(xiang)關規定(ding)。推(tui)(tui)進(jin)抽(chou)水蓄能(neng)(neng)等(deng)(deng)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)建設、加強火電(dian)(dian)靈(ling)活性改造，提高電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統調峰調頻(pin)能(neng)(neng)力。進(jin)一步完善(shan)分布式能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)、綜合能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)微網發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)鼓(gu)勵(li)機制和政策(ce)。進(jin)一步強化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物質(zhi)燃(ran)料(liao)、可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)熱利(li)(li)用(yong)等(deng)(deng)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)非電(dian)(dian)應用(yong)的(de)政策(ce)支(zhi)持(chi)，加大(da)資金扶持(chi)力度，完善(shan)配套政策(ce)及相(xiang)關規定(ding)，在入(ru)管入(ru)網入(ru)市等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面(mian)規范標準(zhun)、簡化程序，為(wei)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)在各(ge)個領域推(tui)(tui)廣創造條(tiao)件。嚴格(ge)落實國(guo)家對(dui)(dui)(dui)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)開發(fa)(fa)利(li)(li)用(yong)項目的(de)增值稅、所得稅、費用(yong)減(jian)免(mian)等(deng)(deng)稅費支(zhi)持(chi)政策(ce)，降低企業非技術成本。完善(shan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)統計評價體(ti)系(xi)，將各(ge)類可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利(li)(li)用(yong)情況(kuang)全部(bu)納入(ru)考核指(zhi)標體(ti)系(xi)，倒逼可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)全面(mian)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。

（五）堅持科技創新，推動解決發展中出現的問題

按(an)照(zhao)國(guo)家(jia)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)整體(ti)布局，建立和(he)(he)完善可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)科技(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)體(ti)系(xi)，提高(gao)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)裝備(bei)(bei)制(zhi)造水(shui)(shui)平。鼓勵企業(ye)開(kai)展(zhan)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)關鍵(jian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)攻關，推(tui)動核心元(yuan)器件(jian)國(guo)產化(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)，提升(sheng)產品(pin)的(de)(de)穩定性和(he)(he)可靠性，加強(qiang)深(shen)海、遠海風電(dian)(dian)(dian)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)推(tui)廣。緊(jin)跟世(shi)界研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)方(fang)向和(he)(he)前沿技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，探(tan)索太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)低成本制(zhi)造、新(xin)(xin)(xin)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)等相關技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，適時開(kai)展(zhan)示范，推(tui)動產業(ye)化(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)。加快生(sheng)(sheng)物天然氣和(he)(he)液體(ti)燃料的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)與發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，形成產業(ye)的(de)(de)核心設(she)備(bei)(bei)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)檢測認證體(ti)系(xi)，支持推(tui)進(jin)相關產業(ye)化(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)。加快擴大地(di)熱(re)供(gong)暖(nuan)在(zai)北方(fang)地(di)區清潔取暖(nuan)中的(de)(de)規模和(he)(he)商(shang)業(ye)化(hua)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)，探(tan)索地(di)熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)梯級綜合(he)高(gao)效利用(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體(ti)系(xi)和(he)(he)商(shang)業(ye)模式(shi)。加強(qiang)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)多能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)互(hu)補系(xi)統集成優化(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)研究和(he)(he)示范，提升(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統整體(ti)效率(lv)。推(tui)動智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網、柔性直流、特高(gao)壓等先進(jin)輸配電(dian)(dian)(dian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，開(kai)展(zhan)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、負荷(he)側調(diao)節等新(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)，促(cu)進(jin)高(gao)比例可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統融合(he)，提升(sheng)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)安全(quan)可靠應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)平。支持建立可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)公(gong)共(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)平臺、關鍵(jian)設(she)備(bei)(bei)檢測試驗平臺，提高(gao)公(gong)共(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)服務能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)標準(zhun)化(hua)水(shui)(shui)平。

（六）進一步修改完善可再生能源法

根據推(tui)進生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文明建設和能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)結構調整(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)總體(ti)要求(qiu)，針對(dui)(dui)當前(qian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發展的(de)(de)新(xin)形(xing)(xing)勢、新(xin)問(wen)題，建議適時啟(qi)動(dong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)修(xiu)改。在立法(fa)目的(de)(de)中充(chong)分(fen)體(ti)現(xian)黨中央關于(yu)推(tui)進生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文明建設以(yi)(yi)及(ji)推(tui)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產和消費革命的(de)(de)戰略(lve)部署，進一步修(xiu)改完(wan)善可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)全額保障(zhang)性(xing)(xing)收購制(zhi)度，綜合(he)(he)考慮經濟(ji)技術條件(jian)，制(zhi)定合(he)(he)理(li)的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)率目標，明確(que)由電(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業、售電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業和電(dian)(dian)力(li)用(yong)戶共(gong)同承擔全額保障(zhang)性(xing)(xing)收購責(ze)任(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)法(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)定位。明確(que)規定可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)目標引導以(yi)(yi)及(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)消納責(ze)任(ren)(ren)權重考核機制(zhi)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)更加(jia)科學合(he)(he)理(li)的(de)(de)目標責(ze)任(ren)(ren)考核體(ti)系。適當調整(zheng)(zheng)有關電(dian)(dian)價(jia)補貼的(de)(de)規定，加(jia)快完(wan)善可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)上網(wang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)市場化(hua)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)機制(zhi)。明確(que)對(dui)(dui)脫貧攻堅任(ren)(ren)務重、相關綜合(he)(he)試點地區給予政(zheng)策(ce)優(you)惠等。細化(hua)支(zhi)持可(ke)(ke)(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)非(fei)電(dian)(dian)應用(yong)的(de)(de)規定，加(jia)大(da)政(zheng)策(ce)和資金扶持力(li)度。細化(hua)相關法(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)條款，強(qiang)化(hua)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)、石油、燃(ran)氣(qi)、熱力(li)等企(qi)業的(de)(de)法(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)。