无码日韩精品一区二区免费暖暖,久久精品国产精品亚洲,开心播播网,女人床技48动态图,国产精品无码免费专区午夜

以用戶為中心為能源系統注入靈活性

傳統(tong)能源(yuan)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)普遍基(ji)于(yu)“生產側”的(de)(de)(de)(de)視角(jiao)認識自身發(fa)展問題，并提供(gong)(gong)全(quan)局(ju)優化(hua)方案。主要原因是(shi)在改(gai)革(ge)(ge)開放(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中能源(yuan)這(zhe)一要素(su)多(duo)次滯后于(yu)經(jing)濟發(fa)展，“缺(que)能”、“缺(que)電(dian)”現象頻(pin)發(fa)，如(ru)在1985-1988年和始于(yu)1992年的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩次經(jing)濟加速、工業(ye)(ye)擴張(zhang)引起了(le)能源(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應缺(que)口；2000年以(yi)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)再重(zhong)工業(ye)(ye)化(hua)進程導致多(duo)次大(da)規(gui)模“電(dian)荒”等(deng)，經(jing)濟增長(chang)對(dui)能源(yuan)要素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求更加側重(zhong)于(yu)“數量上的(de)(de)(de)(de)保障”。而當前及未來(lai)(lai)較長(chang)一段時間，能源(yuan)需求將持續放(fang)緩，能源(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應也將逐漸呈現出(chu)寬松態勢(shi)，人們(men)對(dui)能源(yuan)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)期待和產品多(duo)樣化(hua)需求更為(wei)迫切(qie)，以(yi)用(yong)戶為(wei)中心(xin)將成為(wei)未來(lai)(lai)能源(yuan)系統(tong)演化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本規(gui)律。

在這樣的(de)大背景(jing)下，能(neng)(neng)(neng)源互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)概念應運而生(sheng)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)源互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)是互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)思(si)維與傳統(tong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源行(xing)業的(de)融合，通過橫向多(duo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)互(hu)(hu)補(bu)高效利用，縱向源網(wang)荷儲(chu)優化協(xie)同，構(gou)建多(duo)種類(lei)型能(neng)(neng)(neng)源的(de)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)絡(luo)。基于互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)思(si)維，能(neng)(neng)(neng)源互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)將能(neng)(neng)(neng)源行(xing)業關注的(de)重心從(cong)(cong)“生(sheng)產側(ce)”轉移(yi)至“消費側(ce)”，將更好(hao)從(cong)(cong)用戶需求出發，滿足人們對智慧能(neng)(neng)(neng)源、美好(hao)生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)向往(wang)，實現(xian)整體的(de)系(xi)統(tong)優化。

與此(ci)同時，相關(guan)(guan)政策的(de)精(jing)準部署為能(neng)源(yuan)互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)供了指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)。2015年7月，《國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院關(guan)(guan)于積極推進(jin)“互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)+”行動(dong)的(de)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)意見(jian)》（國(guo)(guo)發(fa)〔2015〕40號）正式發(fa)布，明(ming)確提(ti)出了“互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)+”智慧能(neng)源(yuan)重(zhong)點任務(wu)。隨后，《國(guo)(guo)家發(fa)展(zhan)改革委(wei)、國(guo)(guo)家能(neng)源(yuan)局、工業和(he)信息(xi)化部關(guan)(guan)于推進(jin)“互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)+”智慧能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)意見(jian)》（發(fa)改能(neng)源(yuan)〔2016〕392號）對相關(guan)(guan)任務(wu)進(jin)一步聚焦(jiao)細化。今年以來，首(shou)批“互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)+”智慧能(neng)源(yuan)（能(neng)源(yuan)互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)）示范項目進(jin)入(ru)驗收階(jie)段，能(neng)源(yuan)互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)建設已經進(jin)入(ru)快車道。

泛在電力物聯網是能源互聯網靈活性的重要來源

能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)建設發展的關鍵(jian)在(zai)于“雙向(xiang)互(hu)動”，“雙向(xiang)互(hu)動”既包括能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)行業(ye)“生(sheng)產者”和(he)“消費者”之(zhi)間的互(hu)動，還包括源(yuan)(yuan)網(wang)荷(he)儲(chu)各個獨立(li)環節(jie)內部(bu)的信(xin)息(xi)交互(hu)處理，因此底層(ceng)的數據感(gan)知是重(zhong)中之(zhi)重(zhong)。今年年初(chu)國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)網(wang)公司提出了(le)泛在(zai)電(dian)力物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)概念，其目標是應(ying)用移動互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)、人(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)等現代信(xin)息(xi)技術和(he)先進(jin)通信(xin)技術，促(cu)進(jin)電(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)各個環節(jie)萬物互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)、人(ren)機交互(hu)，實現狀(zhuang)態(tai)全面感(gan)知、信(xin)息(xi)高(gao)效處理、應(ying)用便捷靈(ling)活。筆(bi)者認(ren)為(wei)，泛在(zai)電(dian)力物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)是能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)靈(ling)活性的重(zhong)要(yao)來源(yuan)(yuan)，為(wei)實現能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)“雙向(xiang)互(hu)動”提供(gong)了(le)最直接的解決(jue)方(fang)案。從源(yuan)(yuan)網(wang)荷(he)儲(chu)這四個獨立(li)環節(jie)來看：

有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)提高(gao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)“源(yuan)”生產效(xiao)率。可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)是未來全球(qiu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)轉(zhuan)型方向，但由于(yu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du)(du)低(di)、資(zi)源(yuan)位置(zhi)、資(zi)源(yuan)利(li)用(yong)的(de)轉(zhuan)換效(xiao)率等方面的(de)劣勢，其(qi)替代化石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)成為主體能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)并非一朝一夕之功。泛在(zai)電力物(wu)聯網的(de)數(shu)據感知應用(yong)將以能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)行(xing)業“信息(xi)(xi)密度(du)(du)”的(de)提高(gao)來彌補(bu)清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du)(du)的(de)劣勢，從(cong)而(er)有(you)(you)助于(yu)加快(kuai)當前能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)轉(zhuan)型的(de)進度(du)(du)。如金風(feng)(feng)科技基于(yu)全生命(ming)周期信息(xi)(xi)數(shu)據，通過精確地捕捉機(ji)(ji)組所處環境的(de)風(feng)(feng)速、風(feng)(feng)向等流場信息(xi)(xi)及其(qi)動態變化，進一步將此(ci)類信息(xi)(xi)整合(he)至風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)控制(zhi)，使(shi)得機(ji)(ji)組可以提前感知復雜風(feng)(feng)況，并通過智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)控制(zhi)作出最優響應，實現風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)“隨風(feng)(feng)而(er)動，順(shun)勢而(er)為”，在(zai)提升發電量(liang)的(de)同時(shi)，還可以有(you)(you)效(xiao)降低(di)機(ji)(ji)組載荷，提升機(ji)(ji)組運行(xing)的(de)穩定性(xing)和適應性(xing)。

有(you)利于提升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)“網(wang)(wang)”智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)水平。考慮到未來(lai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)體系結構中可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)逐(zhu)步(bu)成為重要(yao)的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)來(lai)源(yuan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)輸(shu)配(pei)網(wang)(wang)與其他能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)網(wang)(wang)絡相比(bi)的(de)可延展性更強，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)將是(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)主干網(wang)(wang)。智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)是(shi)物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)最主要(yao)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)場景之一，在現代(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)向信息化(hua)、自動化(hua)、互動化(hua)轉型發展的(de)過程中，物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)相關技術(shu)(shu)的(de)落(luo)地應用(yong)(yong)(yong)至關重要(yao)。如2012年起國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)公(gong)司就開(kai)始探索將物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)技術(shu)(shu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，經營區域(yu)11個省（自治(zhi)區、直轄(xia)市）進行(xing)探索性實踐，開(kai)展了287項智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)試點項目，涵蓋了輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)及(ji)線路(lu)狀(zhuang)態(tai)監測系統、輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)無人機(ji)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)巡檢(jian)系統、分布式發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)微(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)接入控(kong)制(zhi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施及(ji)運營管(guan)理系統、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)小區/樓宇、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)園區、配(pei)網(wang)(wang)狀(zhuang)態(tai)監測等7個領域(yu)，部署了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、溫濕度、噪聲、拉力(li)、風(feng)偏等65種傳感裝置，有(you)效提升了智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等環節的(de)信息采集、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)處理和雙向互動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。

有(you)利于(yu)(yu)響(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)負(fu)“荷(he)”多樣(yang)化需(xu)求(qiu)。未來(lai)需(xu)求(qiu)側、負(fu)荷(he)端對能源(yuan)行(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)將不再(zai)僅僅限(xian)定為(wei)“能源(yuan)產品”，多樣(yang)化能源(yuan)“服務(wu)”的(de)(de)前景將更為(wei)廣闊。泛(fan)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)力物聯(lian)網的(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)有(you)利于(yu)(yu)準(zhun)確挖掘(jue)“新動(dong)能”產業(ye)的(de)(de)用(yong)能用(yong)電(dian)特(te)征(zheng)，有(you)利于(yu)(yu)獲(huo)取家(jia)庭用(yong)電(dian)設(she)備各時段的(de)(de)負(fu)載信息，從而有(you)效(xiao)感知(zhi)預測個體的(de)(de)價值獲(huo)取意(yi)愿和行(xing)為(wei)。如(ru)美國的(de)(de)Opower公司與(yu)電(dian)力企業(ye)合作獲(huo)取家(jia)庭能源(yuan)使用(yong)數據，基(ji)于(yu)(yu)行(xing)為(wei)科(ke)學理論、房齡信息、周(zhou)邊天氣等(deng)建(jian)立家(jia)庭能耗檔(dang)案(an)，并通過個人縱向(xiang)(xiang)比較、鄰里橫向(xiang)(xiang)比較來(lai)激發用(yong)戶節能意(yi)愿。此外，還可(ke)以在(zai)(zai)電(dian)力高(gao)峰時刻通知(zhi)用(yong)戶避免進(jin)行(xing)洗衣、制(zhi)冷(leng)等(deng)高(gao)耗能活動(dong)，幫(bang)助售電(dian)公司進(jin)行(xing)需(xu)求(qiu)側響(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)，實現(xian)負(fu)荷(he)轉移(yi)。

有(you)利于(yu)調動(dong)(dong)大(da)規(gui)(gui)模“儲(chu)(chu)(chu)”能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)。儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)互聯網建(jian)設(she)的(de)關(guan)鍵設(she)備，具有(you)匹配供需、平(ping)抑波動(dong)(dong)、削(xue)峰填谷、提高(gao)質量(liang)等(deng)(deng)多個功能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。但(dan)目(mu)前儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)行(xing)業的(de)信(xin)(xin)息化水平(ping)仍(reng)然(ran)不(bu)高(gao)，近日國家發展改(gai)革委等(deng)(deng)相關(guan)部委印發的(de)《貫徹落實<關(guan)于(yu)促(cu)進儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術與(yu)產業發展的(de)指導(dao)意(yi)見>2019-2020年行(xing)動(dong)(dong)計劃》也明(ming)確提出“研(yan)究(jiu)探索信(xin)(xin)息技(ji)(ji)術、人工(gong)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等(deng)(deng)前沿科(ke)技(ji)(ji)與(yu)可(ke)再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)、儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)領域的(de)融合”。通過泛在(zai)(zai)感知技(ji)(ji)術可(ke)以有(you)效(xiao)挖掘整合大(da)規(gui)(gui)模儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)。如有(you)研(yan)究(jiu)指出，目(mu)前用(yong)戶側(ce)存在(zai)(zai)大(da)量(liang)分散、閑置的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)，主要(yao)包括電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車、通信(xin)(xin)基(ji)(ji)站、各類(lei)不(bu)間(jian)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)等(deng)(deng)。基(ji)(ji)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)管控云平(ping)臺和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)交換系統可(ke)以將碎(sui)片化閑置電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)盤(pan)活為大(da)規(gui)(gui)模分布式儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系統供電(dian)(dian)(dian)網調度(du)利用(yong)，從而實現基(ji)(ji)于(yu)“虛(xu)擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠”的(de)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系統。