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作為(wei)我國重(zhong)要的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)生產基地，新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)具有突出(chu)的(de)“風(feng)光(guang)”資源(yuan)(yuan)優勢。近(jin)年來，新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)大力發展(zhan)可再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，持續(xu)推進能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)構調整，在沙漠、戈壁、荒漠地區加快(kuai)建(jian)設(she)大型(xing)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)光(guang)伏基地項目，綠色能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)成為(wei)新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)的(de)一張新(xin)(xin)名片。同時，新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)積極探(tan)索實踐(jian)，推動新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)高質(zhi)量(liang)發展(zhan)，“疆(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)外(wai)送”助力國家能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)低碳轉(zhuan)型(xing)。

一(yi)、新疆(jiang)綠(lv)色能源建設勢頭強勁

作為我國重要的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)基地(di)，新疆(jiang)同時擁(yong)有(you)(you)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)稟賦。據統計，新疆(jiang)的(de)(de)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)資(zi)源(yuan)技術可開發(fa)量(liang)居(ju)全國第(di)一，風能(neng)(neng)(neng)資(zi)源(yuan)技術可開發(fa)量(liang)居(ju)全國第(di)二。新疆(jiang)目前已經逐步推廣建設10余座(zuo)光熱發(fa)電(dian)站(zhan)，其中吐魯番市在(zai)建的(de)(de)有(you)(you)4座(zuo)，正在(zai)持續加快建設準東、哈(ha)密北、南(nan)疆(jiang)環(huan)塔、若羌等千(qian)萬千(qian)瓦級新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)基地(di)。到2025年，新疆(jiang)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)并(bing)網裝(zhuang)機有(you)(you)望達1.16億千(qian)瓦以上，超過新疆(jiang)電(dian)力總裝(zhuang)機的(de)(de)50%，為能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結構持續優化、助推新疆(jiang)經濟高質量(liang)發(fa)展提供有(you)(you)力支撐。

作為(wei)國家(jia)規(gui)劃(hua)建設的大型(xing)清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基地(di)，新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發展(zhan)規(gui)模(mo)持續擴大，風(feng)電(dian)基地(di)、光(guang)伏園區等項目建設有序推進，實(shi)現了規(gui)模(mo)化、集約化、園區化快速發展(zhan)。2023年，新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)新(xin)增新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)裝機容量超(chao)過2000萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)，推進實(shi)施“光(guang)伏+儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)”“光(guang)熱(re)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)+光(guang)伏”一體化示范項目等新(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)項目，電(dian)力平(ping)衡和風(feng)險預(yu)控(kong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力得(de)到(dao)有效(xiao)提(ti)升。截(jie)至(zhi)今年4月22日，新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)裝機突破7000萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)，達到(dao)7002.1萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)，占新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)網總(zong)裝機的近五成，居全國前列。而“十四五”以(yi)來，新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)已批復新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)裝機達1.8億千(qian)瓦(wa)，預(yu)計(ji)2024年底，新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)累(lei)計(ji)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)裝機將超(chao)8900萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)。屆時(shi)，新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)將首次(ci)成為(wei)新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)第一大電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

今年4月，中核鐵門關(guan)市200兆瓦風(feng)電項目(mu)成功切換至220千(qian)伏運(yun)行(xing)，實現全容(rong)(rong)量投(tou)(tou)運(yun)。“綠(lv)電”通過羅布莊南(nan)(nan)220千(qian)伏匯集站(zhan)送(song)至新疆(jiang)各地和疆(jiang)外(wai)，預計每年可提供4.22億(yi)度清潔電力(li)，相當于節約標準煤12.8萬噸，減少二氧(yang)化碳排放量48.19萬噸。該項目(mu)總(zong)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)9.74億(yi)元，共安裝40臺5兆瓦風(feng)力(li)發電機組，是南(nan)(nan)疆(jiang)首個全容(rong)(rong)量投(tou)(tou)運(yun)的風(feng)電項目(mu)，對優化南(nan)(nan)疆(jiang)能源結(jie)構，提高區域電力(li)保(bao)障能力(li)有重要意義。

5月30日，新疆達(da)(da)坂(ban)城50萬(wan)千瓦光伏項(xiang)目成功并網。該(gai)項(xiang)目位(wei)于(yu)烏魯(lu)木齊(qi)市(shi)達(da)(da)坂(ban)城區西溝鄉雷家溝村，占地面積約(yue)(yue)1.5萬(wan)畝，項(xiang)目配套建設1座220千伏匯集站（含2臺(tai)250MVA主(zhu)變壓器）及1座生產(chan)綜(zong)合樓，由(you)152個電池方陣(zhen)組成。該(gai)項(xiang)目投產(chan)后，預計(ji)每年可提供8.5億度清潔能源電力(li)，相當于(yu)每年節約(yue)(yue)標準煤27.23萬(wan)噸，減少二氧化(hua)碳排放(fang)量84余萬(wan)噸，減少煙塵(chen)約(yue)(yue)23.15萬(wan)噸，減少氮氧化(hua)合物約(yue)(yue)1.27萬(wan)噸，有效助力(li)雙碳目標的(de)實現。

二、“疆電外送(song)”助力(li)國家能源低碳(tan)轉型

新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)是我國向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)開放的重要(yao)門(men)戶和(he)絲綢之(zhi)路經濟(ji)帶核(he)心(xin)區(qu)，獨(du)特的地理位置有利(li)于新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)向(xiang)東和(he)向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)輻射，獲得廣闊的市場。“疆(jiang)電(dian)外送”是把新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)的豐富資源(yuan)就地轉(zhuan)化成電(dian)力資源(yuan)，輸送給電(dian)力資源(yuan)欠缺地區(qu)的工程項目(mu)，這是國家西(xi)(xi)部大開發戰略、實現(xian)全國電(dian)站聯網的重要(yao)工程。

為加(jia)快(kuai)“疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)外送(song)(song)(song)”，新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)不斷(duan)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)外送(song)(song)(song)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)建設(she)，為保(bao)障華北、華東地區電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力需求(qiu)發揮了重要(yao)作用。2010年(nian)，新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)建成(cheng)“疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)外送(song)(song)(song)”第(di)一(yi)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)——哈(ha)密至敦煌(huang)750千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)輸變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)，實現了新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)與(yu)全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)互(hu)聯互(hu)通(tong)(tong)。2013年(nian)，“疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)外送(song)(song)(song)”第(di)二通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)——煙墩至沙(sha)洲750千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)輸變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)建成(cheng)投運(yun)。2014年(nian)，“疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)外送(song)(song)(song)”第(di)三通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)——哈(ha)密南-鄭州±800千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)特高壓(ya)(ya)直流輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)建成(cheng)。2019年(nian)9月(yue)，“疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)外送(song)(song)(song)”第(di)四通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)——昌吉至古泉±1100千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)特高壓(ya)(ya)直流輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)投運(yun)，標志著新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)已形成(cheng)“內供(gong)四環網(wang)、外送(song)(song)(song)四通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)”的(de)主網(wang)架格局。目前(qian)，“疆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)外送(song)(song)(song)”能力達到2500萬千(qian)(qian)瓦。外送(song)(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量由2010年(nian)的(de)3億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時擴大至2023年(nian)的(de)1262億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時，外送(song)(song)(song)省(sheng)份從最(zui)初的(de)7個省(sheng)份擴展到20個省(sheng)份。

據新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)力交易中(zhong)心發布(bu)的(de)數據顯示，截(jie)至2023年(nian)(nian)，新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)累計外(wai)送(song)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)達到(dao)7408億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)時，可(ke)供全國14億(yi)人用230天(tian)，相當于就地轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)標準煤(mei)22409萬噸(dun)。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，新(xin)能(neng)源外(wai)送(song)電(dian)(dian)占總外(wai)送(song)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)三(san)成(cheng)以上，即(ji)每送(song)出的(de)三(san)度電(dian)(dian)中(zhong)，就有一度電(dian)(dian)是(shi)綠電(dian)(dian)，相當于減(jian)排(pai)二(er)氧化(hua)(hua)碳17152萬噸(dun)、二(er)氧化(hua)(hua)硫(liu)54萬噸(dun)、氮(dan)氧化(hua)(hua)物(wu)47萬噸(dun)。今(jin)年(nian)(nian)1月至4月，新(xin)疆(jiang)(jiang)外(wai)送(song)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)達到(dao)383.92億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)時，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，新(xin)能(neng)源外(wai)送(song)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)達到(dao)125.52億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)時。

哈密(mi)南(nan)-鄭州特高壓(ya)直流(liu)工程作為“疆電外送(song)(song)”首個特高壓(ya)項目，將(jiang)新疆豐(feng)富的(de)電能輸送(song)(song)到中部地(di)區(qu)(qu)，對于跨地(di)區(qu)(qu)電力輸送(song)(song)和能源供應具有重要意義。南(nan)疆地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)庫(ku)車—阿拉爾—巴楚750千伏(fu)(fu)輸變電工程建(jian)成(cheng)后，將(jiang)形(xing)成(cheng)阿克(ke)蘇地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)750千伏(fu)(fu)環(huan)網(wang)，能提高南(nan)疆地(di)區(qu)(qu)新能源送(song)(song)出(chu)消納能力。在距離塔克(ke)拉瑪干沙(sha)漠(mo)71公(gong)里處，新建(jian)的(de)阿拉爾750千伏(fu)(fu)變電站正在建(jian)設(she)中，該工程的(de)前期工作已全部完成(cheng)，進入基礎開挖(wa)階段。

今年3月(yue)11日，新(xin)疆第三條特(te)(te)高壓(ya)直(zhi)流外送(song)通道哈(ha)密(mi)—重(zhong)(zhong)慶±800千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)特(te)(te)高壓(ya)直(zhi)流輸電(dian)工(gong)(gong)程新(xin)疆段全面進(jin)入(ru)基礎施工(gong)(gong)。這是(shi)新(xin)疆開工(gong)(gong)建設的第五條外送(song)通道，也是(shi)第三條特(te)(te)高壓(ya)直(zhi)流外送(song)通道。哈(ha)重(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)程是(shi)國家“十四五”發展規劃確定的102項重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)工(gong)(gong)程之(zhi)一，是(shi)“疆電(dian)入(ru)渝”工(gong)(gong)程的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)組(zu)成部分(fen)(fen)。工(gong)(gong)程起于(yu)新(xin)疆哈(ha)密(mi)市，止(zhi)于(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)慶市渝北區，動態(tai)投資(zi)286億元，額定電(dian)壓(ya)為±800千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)、額定送(song)電(dian)容量為800萬千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)。該工(gong)(gong)程建成后，新(xin)疆外送(song)能力將達(da)到3300萬千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，提升(sheng)32個百分(fen)(fen)點。