《關(guan)于推進電(dian)(dian)力源(yuan)網荷儲(chu)(chu)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)和(he)(he)多能(neng)互(hu)補(bu)(bu)發展的(de)(de)指導意見》《關(guan)于報(bao)送“十四(si)五”電(dian)(dian)力源(yuan)網荷儲(chu)(chu)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)和(he)(he)多能(neng)互(hu)補(bu)(bu)工作方案的(de)(de)通(tong)知》《“十四(si)五”現代能(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)系規劃》等文件都強調:發展儲(chu)(chu)熱型(xing)光(guang)(guang)熱電(dian)(dian)站,積極推動(dong)“風(feng)光(guang)(guang)儲(chu)(chu)”一(yi)體(ti)化(hua);太陽能(neng)熱發電(dian)(dian)與風(feng)電(dian)(dian)、光(guang)(guang)伏發電(dian)(dian)融合發展、聯(lian)合運行。
光(guang)儲(chu)系統在缺乏光(guang)熱發(fa)電(dian)(dian)上網電(dian)(dian)價傳導機(ji)(ji)制的情況下,采用(yong)光(guang)伏(fu)、風(feng)電(dian)(dian)、光(guang)熱打(da)捆的多能互補(bu)一體化項目方式(shi),通過風(feng)電(dian)(dian)和光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)的利潤空間來(lai)彌補(bu)光(guang)熱發(fa)電(dian)(dian)的虧(kui)損(sun)。這樣的開發(fa)模式(shi)對緩解光(guang)熱發(fa)電(dian)(dian)產業鏈生存危機(ji)(ji)發(fa)揮了積極作(zuo)用(yong)。
地(di)(di)方政(zheng)府在組(zu)(zu)織多能(neng)(neng)互補(bu)一(yi)體化項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)時,按照(zhao)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)開發(fa)商能(neng)(neng)夠接受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)最低(di)投資收益確(que)定了(le)光(guang)熱(re)發(fa)電與(yu)風(feng)電和(he)(he)光(guang)伏的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)配比。在多能(neng)(neng)互補(bu)一(yi)體化項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong),光(guang)熱(re)發(fa)電按照(zhao)當地(di)(di)燃(ran)煤(mei)發(fa)電的(de)(de)(de)基準電價上網是虧損的(de)(de)(de),需要通(tong)過風(feng)電和(he)(he)光(guang)伏發(fa)電的(de)(de)(de)利潤(run)空(kong)間(jian)來(lai)彌補(bu)。這(zhe)導致投資方為了(le)達到合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)投資收益,大(da)幅削減光(guang)熱(re)發(fa)電的(de)(de)(de)投資,聚(ju)光(guang)集熱(re)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)大(da)幅度縮減,導致光(guang)熱(re)發(fa)電機組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電量(liang)和(he)(he)靈(ling)活(huo)調節功能(neng)(neng)大(da)打折扣,喪失了(le)光(guang)熱(re)發(fa)電站長時儲能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)技術優勢,這(zhe)是多能(neng)(neng)互補(bu)一(yi)體化項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)建設中(zhong)出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)新問題(ti)。
目(mu)前,新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源基(ji)地(di)建設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)包(bao)含(han)的(de)光(guang)熱(re)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)項目(mu),基(ji)本上沿(yan)用(yong)了(le)多(duo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)互補一體(ti)化項目(mu)的(de)模式,將新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源基(ji)地(di)分解(jie)為若干(gan)個多(duo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)互補一體(ti)化建設(she)項目(mu),并沒有考慮新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源基(ji)地(di)的(de)電(dian)(dian)力(li)輸出特性。在(zai)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源基(ji)地(di)建設(she)中(zhong)(zhong),要立(li)足于外送100%新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源電(dian)(dian)力(li),盡可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)不(bu)占用(yong)系統(tong)現有的(de)調(diao)節資源,自己解(jie)決儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和調(diao)節問(wen)題,這樣(yang)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠起到“先立(li)后破”的(de)示范作用(yong)。因此,要首先對新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源基(ji)地(di)開展系統(tong)研(yan)究,明確光(guang)熱(re)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)的(de)裝機容(rong)量和功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),并建立(li)光(guang)熱(re)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)上網電(dian)(dian)價的(de)傳(chuan)導機制,才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)使光(guang)熱(re)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)在(zai)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源基(ji)地(di)中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)揮更大作用(yong)。