近日,上海電氣研發生產的全球首套300MW級壓縮空氣儲能系列化大容量電機下線儀式悄然舉行。產品主要技術指標達到同類產品國際先進水平,對推動國家壓縮空氣儲能行業發展具有重大意義。據了解,該系列產品將用于湖北應城300MW壓縮空氣儲能電站示范工程,設計發電量超過5億kWh,可滿足40余萬普通家庭一年的用電量。
近(jin)年來,在“雙碳”目標的(de)引(yin)(yin)領下(xia),我國能源(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)構加速變革。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統中(zhong),風電(dian)(dian)(dian)光(guang)伏等新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)勢(shi)必將成為(wei)(wei)未來的(de)主力電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。與(yu)此同(tong)時(shi),為(wei)(wei)了有效解(jie)決風光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)隨機(ji)性(xing)、波動性(xing)、間歇性(xing)等問題,清潔能源(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)地需要引(yin)(yin)入調峰設(she)備,以(yi)支撐風電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)可靠運(yun)行。因(yin)此,儲(chu)能產(chan)業近(jin)些年得到了長足的(de)發展。國家能源(yuan)(yuan)局數據顯示,2023年1至6月,我國新(xin)(xin)投(tou)運(yun)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲(chu)能裝機(ji)規(gui)(gui)模約863萬(wan)(wan)千瓦/1772萬(wan)(wan)千瓦時(shi),相當于此前歷年累(lei)計裝機(ji)規(gui)(gui)模總和(he)。據業內(nei)專(zhuan)家預測,到2025年,我國新(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲(chu)能產(chan)業規(gui)(gui)模或將突破萬(wan)(wan)億(yi)元。
面對(dui)戰(zhan)略機遇(yu)期,為(wei)實(shi)現服務國(guo)家戰(zhan)略和(he)維護全體股(gu)東利益的(de)有機統(tong)一(yi),上海(hai)電(dian)氣(qi)最大化(hua)發揮自身多(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)產(chan)業集團優勢(shi),形成了(le)“多(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)儲(chu)能(neng)協同發展(zhan)”的(de)“電(dian)氣(qi)方案”。由上海(hai)電(dian)氣(qi)集團自主研制(zhi)的(de)壓縮空氣(qi)儲(chu)能(neng)技(ji)術產(chan)品即為(wei)其(qi)多(duo)種技(ji)術路線其(qi)中一(yi)環。
上海電(dian)氣“多元儲能”協同發(fa)展(zhan)
據上(shang)海電氣(qi)相(xiang)關工作負責人介(jie)紹:“上(shang)海電氣(qi)可以提(ti)供(gong)從(cong)秒分級功率型到(dao)8h以上(shang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量型全場(chang)景儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)解決(jue)方(fang)案,技(ji)術線路涵(han)蓋抽水蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、電化(hua)學儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、熔鹽儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、壓縮空(kong)氣(qi)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、飛輪(lun)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、超導等。此外,憑借自(zi)身在能(neng)(neng)(neng)源裝(zhuang)備領域(yu)的(de)優(you)勢,上(shang)海電氣(qi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠提(ti)供(gong)風電光(guang)伏、多元優(you)儲(chu)和調(diao)相(xiang)機(ji)的(de)集成(cheng)式(shi)裝(zhuang)備與(yu)服務(wu),實現面向(xiang)不同場(chang)景的(de)組合優(you)化(hua),為大基地客戶提(ti)供(gong)定制化(hua)方(fang)案,實現項目(mu)整體收益(yi)最大化(hua)。”
多元儲調技術,實現面向不同場景的組合優勢
“站在供應端角(jiao)度,面(mian)對不(bu)同(tong)地區(qu)電(dian)源(yuan)結構、電(dian)網規劃、調(diao)度運行等差異,如何解(jie)決‘一葉障目、各(ge)自為戰(zhan)、信(xin)息孤島’的問題,同(tong)時協(xie)助客戶(hu)建設質量可靠、技(ji)術(shu)領先、收(shou)益(yi)可觀的大基地項目,是儲能行業面(mian)臨的一大挑戰(zhan)。面(mian)對該問題,多元(yuan)儲調(diao)技(ji)術(shu)協(xie)同(tong)發(fa)展(zhan),實現(xian)面(mian)向不(bu)同(tong)場景的組合優勢即為上(shang)海電(dian)氣的發(fa)力方向。”上(shang)述(shu)負責人表(biao)示。
在沙(sha)戈荒(huang)場景,熔(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)上(shang)海電(dian)(dian)氣給出的一(yi)大儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)解決(jue)方案。在庫卓沙(sha)漠中的穆罕默德(de)·本(ben)·拉希(xi)德(de)·阿勒馬克(ke)圖(tu)姆太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)園(yuan)區內,世界(jie)上(shang)熔(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)備(bei)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang)最大光熱(re)(re)(re)(re)項(xiang)(xiang)目——迪拜馬克(ke)圖(tu)姆太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)公園(yuan)第(di)四期(qi)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光熱(re)(re)(re)(re)光伏復合電(dian)(dian)廠項(xiang)(xiang)目即為上(shang)海電(dian)(dian)氣承建(jian)。項(xiang)(xiang)目配置(zhi)了1x100MW塔式(shi)(shi)熔(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)發電(dian)(dian)機組(zu)和(he)3x200MW槽(cao)(cao)式(shi)(shi)熔(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)發電(dian)(dian)機組(zu)。其發電(dian)(dian)原理(li)是(shi),在白天利用熔(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)大量(liang)儲(chu)(chu)存陽(yang)光充沛(pei)時(shi)產生的熱(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),在夜間(jian)或陰天時(shi)提供電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)。以迪拜項(xiang)(xiang)目為例,每(mei)(mei)臺槽(cao)(cao)式(shi)(shi)機組(zu)配置(zhi)了13.5小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)儲(chu)(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)系統(tong),即每(mei)(mei)臺槽(cao)(cao)式(shi)(shi)機組(zu)儲(chu)(chu)存的能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)可(ke)滿足汽(qi)輪(lun)機組(zu)滿負(fu)荷運行13.5小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)。借助熔(rong)(rong)鹽(yan)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的高穩定性、長儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、長壽(shou)命的等優(you)勢,從而實現24小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)連(lian)續穩定地將太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。據了解,該項(xiang)(xiang)目每(mei)(mei)年(nian)可(ke)減少160萬(wan)噸碳排放(fang),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠為當地32萬(wan)戶家庭提供清(qing)潔電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li),對于(yu)迪拜2050清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源戰略實施(shi)具有重大意(yi)義。
迪(di)拜光(guang)熱和光(guang)伏太陽能(neng)電站項(xiang)目(mu)
在電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)側場景,壓(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)+鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組合(he)(he)式(shi)(shi)解決(jue)方案即為上海電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)的特色之(zhi)一。今年(nian)7月,上海電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)旗下電(dian)(dian)站集(ji)團中(zhong)標甘肅省定(ding)西(xi)市通渭縣壓(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)+鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組合(he)(he)式(shi)(shi)網(wang)(wang)側共享儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)站創新(xin)(xin)示范項(xiang)目。該項(xiang)目是(shi)《國(guo)家(jia)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)局2023年(nian)鄉村(cun)振興定(ding)點幫扶和對口(kou)支援工(gong)作要點》中(zhong)的重(zhong)點支持建(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)程,也是(shi)國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)投首個(ge)壓(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)+鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組合(he)(he)方案網(wang)(wang)側共享儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)創新(xin)(xin)示范項(xiang)目。項(xiang)目總規模(mo)100兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)/400兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi),一期建(jian)(jian)設(she)規模(mo)50兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)/200兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi),其(qi)中(zhong)壓(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)裝(zhuang)機10兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)/110兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi),鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)系統配套(tao)裝(zhuang)機40兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)/90兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)。項(xiang)目建(jian)(jian)成后,通過新(xin)(xin)型儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)綜(zong)合(he)(he)利(li)用新(xin)(xin)模(mo)式(shi)(shi),可以有(you)效(xiao)緩解新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)調峰(feng)、調頻壓(ya)力(li),改善(shan)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)結構和能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)納(na)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),將有(you)助于鞏(gong)固提升當地(di)供電(dian)(dian)保障能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)和電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)安全(quan)性(xing)。
針(zhen)對(dui)分布式場(chang)景,上(shang)海電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣依托獨有的GVPI技術,可(ke)為客戶提供預置倉式調(diao)相(xiang)機整(zheng)(zheng)套裝備(bei)與運(yun)維服務,為電(dian)(dian)(dian)網提供動態無功支撐,解決電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波動問題,在(zai)未來新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站區域的電(dian)(dian)(dian)網中,可(ke)大幅(fu)提升(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網對(dui)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)(neng)等新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的消納(na)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。以(yi)今年初投運(yun)的京(jing)能(neng)(neng)織女泉(quan)項目(mu)為例,項目(mu)采(cai)用了(le)國內首臺(tai)分布式、預制艙(cang)式10Mvar級(ji)空(kong)-水(shui)冷卻GVPI(整(zheng)(zheng)體真空(kong)壓力(li)浸漬)調(diao)相(xiang)機。風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)送(song)出(chu)端短(duan)路比(bi)得到了(le)顯著提升(sheng),棄(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)率減(jian)少30%以(yi)上(shang),使得場(chang)站基本不(bu)受電(dian)(dian)(dian)網限電(dian)(dian)(dian)影(ying)響。
織女泉項目現場
此外(wai),面向新(xin)(xin)(xin)型電力(li)系統,構(gou)筑高(gao)效韌性的能(neng)源網(wang)絡,上海電氣依托“星云智匯”平(ping)臺,打(da)造(zao)了“源網(wang)荷儲氫(qing)一體化”的能(neng)碳(tan)管家系統,促進(jin)優化新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源主動消納,助力(li)提(ti)(ti)升電力(li)系統平(ping)衡(heng)調(diao)節能(neng)力(li)。通過數字化融合,進(jin)一步提(ti)(ti)升儲能(neng)產品在新(xin)(xin)(xin)型電力(li)系統中的價(jia)值。
行業潛力巨大,持續深耕“高安全、高質量、可持續”
有(you)數據顯示,截至2023年7月底(di),全國(guo)發電裝機總容量已達27.4億千瓦(wa),為(wei)保持電網運營的(de)(de)安全穩定性,按國(guo)際較低(di)的(de)(de)15%配比儲能(neng)(neng)需(xu)求估算(suan),我國(guo)需(xu)要近4億千瓦(wa)的(de)(de)儲能(neng)(neng)規模,而截至2022年底(di),我國(guo)儲能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)實際裝機量僅為(wei)0.6億千瓦(wa),需(xu)求缺口明顯。
關于行業(ye)的(de)(de)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)來(lai)(lai),上海(hai)(hai)(hai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)相(xiang)關工作負責人表示:“儲能在未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)來(lai)(lai)必定是大有(you)前(qian)景的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)方向(xiang)。集團也極為重(zhong)視該方向(xiang)的(de)(de)業(ye)務發(fa)展(zhan),面向(xiang)‘十四五(wu)’,上海(hai)(hai)(hai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)明確(que)聚焦(jiao)‘4+2+X’的(de)(de)新賽道發(fa)展(zhan),將(jiang)重(zhong)點圍(wei)繞“風(feng)、光、儲、氫”等新興能源展(zhan)開布局,將(jiang)智能制造(zao)打造(zao)成為上海(hai)(hai)(hai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)來(lai)(lai)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)增長極。此外,去年5月,第一期的(de)(de)上海(hai)(hai)(hai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)雙碳主題(ti)論壇的(de)(de)主題(ti)就是多元(yuan)儲能的(de)(de)產業(ye)論壇。在未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)來(lai)(lai),隨著市(shi)場化電(dian)(dian)(dian)價機制的(de)(de)不斷完善,上海(hai)(hai)(hai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)憑借多元(yuan)儲調(diao)技術(shu)的(de)(de)優勢將(jiang)有(you)更(geng)大的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)空(kong)間。”
不(bu)僅如此,今年9月12日,上(shang)海電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)儲(chu)能(neng)科技(ji)(ji)有限公(gong)司(以下簡稱“電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)儲(chu)能(neng)”)A輪融資(zi)簽約儀式成(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)舉行。完成(cheng)(cheng)本輪融資(zi)后,電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)儲(chu)能(neng)將重點推進新體(ti)系(xi)研(yan)發、推動產(chan)(chan)(chan)線擴能(neng)和(he)百兆瓦(wa)項目建設(she),加深產(chan)(chan)(chan)業合作,加快(kuai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業升(sheng)級。未來,電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)儲(chu)能(neng)將堅持(chi)(chi)以“高安(an)全、低成(cheng)(cheng)本、可持(chi)(chi)續”為技(ji)(ji)術發展(zhan)目標,積極開發液(ye)流儲(chu)能(neng)技(ji)(ji)術,面向(xiang)電(dian)源側、電(dian)網側和(he)用(yong)戶側的應(ying)用(yong)場景(jing)和(he)個性化客戶需(xu)求,提供多元化的儲(chu)能(neng)解(jie)決方案。
“當前,市場上(shang)(shang)大多(duo)(duo)數的儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)技術仍處在(zai)產業化發(fa)展(zhan)的初期階段。以(yi)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)、更(geng)(geng)廣的維度(du)思考怎(zen)樣的儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)機(ji)制有助(zhu)于推動行(xing)業更(geng)(geng)好的發(fa)展(zhan),就需要充分考慮到(dao)未來電(dian)價機(ji)制的逐步完善、儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)項目(mu)的投建(jian)與運營(ying)高(gao)(gao)度(du)融合等未來趨勢。上(shang)(shang)海電(dian)氣希(xi)望憑借多(duo)(duo)元化的儲(chu)調技術,優化組合發(fa)展(zhan)、集成協同,讓不同場景下的風(feng)、光等能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)變得(de)更(geng)(geng)加經濟、穩定、可靠。幫助(zhu)客戶(hu)實(shi)現(xian)價值增(zeng)量,助(zhu)力綠色能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成為真正(zheng)的主力電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。”該負責人說。